Cell Wall Composition of Hemp Shiv Determined by Physical and Chemical Approaches

Diakité, Maya-Sétan; Lenormand, Hélène; Lequart, Vincent; Arufe, Santiago; Martin, Patrick; Leblanc, Nathalie

doi:10.3390/molecules26216334

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In addition, we calculated a solid fraction of hemp shives that ranges from 0.22 to 0.26. Based on a solid density of 1450 [ 23 ], the apparent density of hemp shives determined by CT image analysis ranges from 319 to 363 , which is close to what has been reported earlier [ 24 ]. The increase in the solid fraction of hemp shives caused by heat-pressing was evaluated for samples from boards with 5 mm target thickness.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical, physical and thermal properties of composite materials produced with the basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius

Schmidt,

Freidank-Pohl,

Zillessen

et al. 2023

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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Background To achieve climate neutrality, fundamentally new concepts of circularity need to be implemented by the building sector as it contributes to 40% of anthropogenic CO2 emission. Fungal biotechnology can make a significant contribution here and help eliminate fossil dependency for building material production. Recently, we have shown that the medicinal polypore Fomes fomentarius feeds well on renewable lignocellulosic biomass and produces composite materials that could potentially replace fossil fuel-based expanded polystyrene as insulation material. Results In this study, we explored the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of F. fomentarius-based composite materials in more detail and determined key performance parameters that are important to evaluate the usability of F. fomentarius-based composite materials in the construction sector. These parameters were determined according to European standards and included compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, thermal conductivity, water vapour permeability, and flammability of uncompressed composites as well as flexural strength, transverse tensile strength, and water absorption capacity of heat-pressed composites, among others. We could show that uncompressed composites obtained from F. fomentarius and hemp shives display a thermal conductivity of 0.044 W (m K)−1 which is in the range of natural organic fibres. A water vapour permeability of 1.72 and classification into flammability class B1 clearly surpasses fossil-based insulation materials including expanded polystyrene and polyurethane. We could furthermore show that heat-pressing can be used to reliably generate stiff and firm particleboards that have the potential to replace current wood-based particleboards that contain synthetic additives. X-ray microcomputed tomography finally visualized for the first time the growth of hyphae of F. fomentarius on and into the hemp shive substrates and generated high-resolution images of the microstructure of F. fomentarius-based composites. Conclusion This study demonstrates that fungal-based composites produced with F. fomentarius partially meet or even exceed key performance parameters of currently used fossil fuel-based insulation materials and can also be used to replace particleboards.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical, physical and thermal properties of composite materials produced with the basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius

Schmidt,

Freidank-Pohl,

Zillessen

et al. 2023

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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“…This phenotype (reddish brown coloration) was found to be positively correlated with two homologous loci Bm1 and Bm3, that are commonly found in maize (Zea mays) and bmr6 and bmr12 in sorghum [24]. The introgression of bmr6 and bmr12 showed the ability to reduce lignin concentration and improve cellulose and hemicellulose contents in the aboveground biomass [25]. Various bmr loci were identified and were extensively investigated in sorghum (Sorghum bicolar) and maize (Zea mays) by many researchers [26,27,28).…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 84%

Early-Generation Evaluation of Marker-Assisted Transfer of bmr6 and bmr12 Alleles into Sweet and High-biomass Sorghum

Reddy,

Lavanya,

Chavan

et al. 2024

JABB

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The effects of transferring brown midrib (bmr) alleles in sweet and high biomass sorghums (SS/HBM) are not fully understood, and available works produced mixed results depending upon the genetic background of the recurrent parent used. Early-generation testing of the effects of the two mutations in the background of the recurrent parents can help predict the final products and make appropriate early go/no-go breeding decisions, yet, this information is missing. The present study was therefore carried out to reduce these gaps. Marker-assisted transfer of the bmr6 and bmr12 was performed using four (SSV84, ICSB474, ICSV18003, ICSV100324) SS and one (ICSV15024) HBM wild type (WT) lines as recurrent parents, and one bmr6 (N609) and two bmr12 (ICSV101039 and N600) lines as donor parents. Crossing and backcrossing techniques were used to transfer the bmr alleles to develop BC2F2 and F3 populations. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) marker genotyping assays were performed and implemented for the indirect selection of the bmr transfer in F1 and BC_F1 populations. While the bmr6 markers were polymorphic, the bmr12 markers were monomorphic. The successful bmr6 transfer was therefore confirmed by markers in F1 and BC_F1, while for bmr12 the transfer was confirmed after segregation assessment in F2 and BC_F2 populations. The transfer of bmr12 improved the cellulose content relative to WT genotypes, and bmr12 populations were shorter-statured relative to bmr6 individuals, meaning that bmr12 gene can be considered in sorghum breeding to boost 2G bioethanol bioconversion and to control lodging, and hence favouring mechanical harvesting and limiting yield losses. The observed earliness in the bmr lines is an attractive trait conferring adaptation in the drylands, particularly in the world’s semi-arid tropics characterized by terminal drought stress. Both bmr alleles did not show any negative trade-offs relative to the must-have sorghum plant characteristics, implying that they can safely be deployed in sorghum breeding for bioenergy production purposes. The observed superior bmr lines with farmer-preferred phenotypic acceptance are candidates not only for advancement in breeding pipelines but also for subsequent pyramiding bmr6 and bmr12 in the same genetic background, further improving the bmr-conferred benefits. The successfully used molecular markers will be uploaded in the public domain and can help breed sorghum products other than SS/HBM such as high-quality forage sorghums.

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“…Hydrolysis of active Al in soil occurs when acidic soils are ameliorated with alkaline materials; pure Al hydrolysis products rarely exist in natural environments [18]. Pectin is present in most primary cell walls of plant roots, particularly in root tips [19], and it can be extracted from suitable agricultural by-products, such as citrus peel [20]. It has a high cation-exchange capacity due to the presence of carboxyl, aldehyde, and hydroxyl functional groups [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Incorporation of Pectin on the Adsorption of Phosphate by Al (oxy)hydroxides

Zhu¹,

Wang²,

Jiang³

et al. 2022

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Large amounts of phosphate-containing fertilizer are widely applied to support intensive agricultural production [1,2]. It is estimated that globally about 3×10 6 -4×10 6 tons of P 2 O 5 migrates from soil to water annually, including about 19.5 kg ha −1 from farmland in China [3]. Therefore, management and control of phosphate in agricultural activities is essential for overall ecosystem health [4,5].Typically, phosphate can be readily adsorbed and immobilized by soil minerals such as iron and aluminum compounds [6]. On the other hand, anion and organic materials adsorbed on the surface of Al hydrolysis products can dissipate the positive charge at

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Cell Wall Composition of Hemp Shiv Determined by Physical and Chemical Approaches

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Mechanical, physical and thermal properties of composite materials produced with the basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius

Mechanical, physical and thermal properties of composite materials produced with the basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius

Early-Generation Evaluation of Marker-Assisted Transfer of bmr6 and bmr12 Alleles into Sweet and High-biomass Sorghum

Effect of Incorporation of Pectin on the Adsorption of Phosphate by Al (oxy)hydroxides

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