Cell Shape Dynamics in Escherichia coli

Reshes, G.; Vanounou, Sharon; Fishov, Itzhak; Feingold, Mario

doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.104398

Cited by 186 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…2C and SI Appendix, Table S2). Note that this delay may be even longer as septum indentation initiates earlier than we can detect with diffraction-limited bright field microscopy (77). The duration of visible cell constriction, τ c , can thus be divided into phase I (from the first visible cell wall indentation to the initiation of Z-ring disassembly) and phase II (Z-ring disassembly).…”

Section: Constriction Initiation and Progress Does Not Require Z-ringmentioning

confidence: 85%

Defining the rate-limiting processes of bacterial cytokinesis

Coltharp

Buss

Plumer

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

216

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Bacterial cytokinesis is accomplished by the essential ‘divisome’ machinery. The most widely conserved divisome component, FtsZ, is a tubulin homolog that polymerizes into the ‘FtsZ-ring’ (‘Z-ring’). Previous in vitro studies suggest that Z-ring contraction serves as a major constrictive force generator to limit the progression of cytokinesis. Here, we applied quantitative superresolution imaging to examine whether and how Z-ring contraction limits the rate of septum closure during cytokinesis in Escherichia coli cells. Surprisingly, septum closure rate was robust to substantial changes in all Z-ring properties proposed to be coupled to force generation: FtsZ’s GTPase activity, Z-ring density, and the timing of Z-ring assembly and disassembly. Instead, the rate was limited by the activity of an essential cell wall synthesis enzyme and further modulated by a physical divisome–chromosome coupling. These results challenge a Z-ring–centric view of bacterial cytokinesis and identify cell wall synthesis and chromosome segregation as limiting processes of cytokinesis.

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Section: Constriction Initiation and Progress Does Not Require Z-ringmentioning

confidence: 85%

Defining the rate-limiting processes of bacterial cytokinesis

Coltharp

Buss

Plumer

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…den Blaauwen and colleagues (1,40) found that constriction began at ϳ50% into the 40-min cell cycle. Reshes et al (158) used sophisticated analysis of phase-contrast images to follow the course of the constriction. Their analysis concluded that constriction began about half way through the 20-min cell cycle.…”

Section: Constriction Of the Z Ring And Reassembly Of New Z Ringsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FtsZ in Bacterial Cytokinesis: Cytoskeleton and Force Generator All in One

Erickson

Anderson

Osawa

2010

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

541

752

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SUMMARY FtsZ, a bacterial homolog of tubulin, is well established as forming the cytoskeletal framework for the cytokinetic ring. Recent work has shown that purified FtsZ, in the absence of any other division proteins, can assemble Z rings when incorporated inside tubular liposomes. Moreover, these artificial Z rings can generate a constriction force, demonstrating that FtsZ is its own force generator. Here we review light microscope observations of how Z rings assemble in bacteria. Assembly begins with long-pitch helices that condense into the Z ring. Once formed, the Z ring can transition to short-pitch helices that are suggestive of its structure. FtsZ assembles in vitro into short protofilaments that are ∼30 subunits long. We present models for how these protofilaments might be further assembled into the Z ring. We discuss recent experiments on assembly dynamics of FtsZ in vitro, with particular attention to how two regulatory proteins, SulA and MinC, inhibit assembly. Recent efforts to develop antibacterial drugs that target FtsZ are reviewed. Finally, we discuss evidence of how FtsZ generates a constriction force: by protofilament bending into a curved conformation.

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“…Nearest-neighbour methods are simple to implement but very sensitive to noise. 35,47 Statistical methods, for example using probability density functions such as Multiple Hypothesis Trackers and NP-Hard methods have been applied with varying degrees of success. 40,48 Multiple Hypothesis Trackers (MHT) introduce probabilistic knowledge, but can be difficult to apply from matching a variable number of image feature points in global optimization both in space and time, while NP-Hard methods prohibit fast computation.…”

Section: Pinpointing Fluorescently-labelled Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical tools for single-molecule fluorescence imaging in cellulo

Leake

2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Recent technological advances in cutting-edge ultrasensitive fluorescence microscopy have allowed single-molecule imaging experiments in living cells across all three domains of life to become commonplace. Single-molecule live-cell data is typically obtained in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime sometimes only marginally in excess of 1, in which a combination of detector shot noise, suboptimal probe photophysics, native cell autofluorescence and intrinsically underlying stochasticity of molecules result in highly noisy datasets for which underlying true molecular behaviour is nontrivial to discern. The ability to elucidate real molecular phenomena is essential in relating experimental single-molecule observations to both the biological system under study as well as offering insight into the fine details of the physical and chemical environments of the living cell. To confront this problem of faithful signal extraction and analysis in a noise-dominated regime, the 'needle in a haystack' challenge, such experiments benefit enormously from a suite of objective, automated, high-throughput analysis tools that can home in on the underlying 'molecular signature' and generate meaningful statistics across a large population of individual cells and molecules. Here, I discuss the development and application of several analytical methods applied to real case studies, including objective methods of segmenting cellular images from light microscopy data, tools to robustly localize and track single fluorescently-labelled molecules, algorithms to objectively interpret molecular mobility, analysis protocols to reliably estimate molecular stoichiometry and turnover, and methods to objectively render distributions of molecular parameters.

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Cell Shape Dynamics in Escherichia coli

Cited by 186 publications

References 78 publications

Defining the rate-limiting processes of bacterial cytokinesis

Defining the rate-limiting processes of bacterial cytokinesis

FtsZ in Bacterial Cytokinesis: Cytoskeleton and Force Generator All in One

Analytical tools for single-molecule fluorescence imaging in cellulo

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