Cell-Opening in One-Shot Flexible Polyether Based Polyurethane Foams. The Role of Silicone Surfactant and its Foundation in the Chemistry of Foam Formation

Rossmy, G.; Kollmeier, H.J.; Lidy, W.; Schator, H.; Wiemann, Michael C.

doi:10.1177/0021955x7701300102

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Accordingly, t 1 and t 2 represent fast and slow reactions of the isocyanate, respectively. Rossmy et al 8 reported that water is more reactive in PU foam formulations than polyether polyol and aromatic amines. Therefore, t 1 should correspond to the reaction of isocyanate with water, and t 2 should correspond to the reaction of isocyanate with polyols.…”

Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differences in the sizes of elongated structures in deuterated and nondeuterated samples could be due to the reaction process. Rossmy et al 8,9 showed, using IR spectroscopy of polyethers with different reactivities, that the urea hard segments initially formed stay in solution, but at a certain point they separate as a second phase because of their concentration and molar mass buildup. Therefore, the reactivity will be higher and the time will be less to separate the mixture into equilibrium phases.…”

Section: Temmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6] The phase separation of polyurea segments can be monitored through hydrogen-bonding studies during the PU foam reaction process. 7 By using FTIR spectroscopy, Rossmy et al 8,9 showed that in the initial stages of the reaction process, the formed urea hard segments stay in solution, but at a certain level of the reaction, they separate as a second phase because of their concentration and molecular weight development. The adhesion of a PU foam on a thermoplastic (TP) material depends significantly on the interfacial structures of both materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of these two structures takes place simultaneously, not sequentially, as early research had suggested. 8,19,20 Both signals (1730 and 1715 cm…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure analysis in polyurethane foams at interfaces

Mahmood

Kreßler

Busse

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to investigate the structure and morphology of polyurethane (PU) foams at the interface with a thermoplastic material. Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy was used to study the reaction of 4,4Ј-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with polyether-based polyols with water as a blowing agent via the absorption intensity of the (NCO, 2265 cm Ϫ1) vibrational band of MDI in three different PU foam systems. The data revealed that MDI reacted simultaneously with two different species in the reaction mixture having different reaction rates. These were the reactions of isocyanate functional groups with water (fast reaction) and polyol (slow reaction). A structure analysis at the PU foam interface (i.e., PU formed a compact film 110 Ϯ 30 m thick at the interface) with a thermoplastic material plate was carried out with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and neutron reflection (NR) techniques. From SAXS measurements, a typical hardsegment-segment distance of 10 Ϯ 0.3 nm was observed. The TEM and NR data of the compact PU film revealed an internal layered structure (parallel to the surface) with a typical layer thickness of 260 -400 nm. The formation of a layered morphology (macrophase-separated structures) was assumed to be due to the difference in the polarities of the hard and soft segments. Furthermore, the layer thickness increased when D 2 O was used as the blowing agent instead of H 2 O.

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Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of these two structures takes place simultaneously, not sequentially, as early research had suggested. 8,19,20 Both signals (1730 and 1715 cm…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Structure analysis in polyurethane foams at interfaces

Mahmood

Kreßler

Busse

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…These were satisfied by the hydrolyzable and nonhydrolyzable families of polymethylsiloxanepolyoxyalkylene block copolymers which are formally analogous to conventional nonionic surfactants (1). These copolymers not only lower surface tension of the urethane reactant mixture, but also confer foam stability by means that are still the subject of investigation (2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%