Cell membrane stability, an indicator of drought tolerance, as affected by applied nitrogen in soyabean

Premachandra, Gnanasiri S.; Saneoka, Hirohumi; Ogata, Shoitsu

doi:10.1017/s0021859600073925

Cited by 256 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…Stress injury The stress injury was measured using some indicators like electrolyte leakage (Premchandra et al (1990), total chlorophyll content (Arnon 1949), 2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction ability (Steponkus and Lanphear 1967) and relative leaf water content (Barrs and Weatherley (1962), which have been described previously (Nayyar and Gupta 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants by protecting vital enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism

Kaushal

Gupta

Bhandhari

et al. 2011

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

156

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Chickpea is a heat sensitive crop hence its potential yield is considerably reduced under high temperatures exceeding 35°C. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of proline in countering the damage caused by heat stress to growth and to enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism in chickpea. The chickpea seeds were raised without (control) and with proline (10 μM) at temperatures of 30/25°C, 35/30°C, 40/35°C and 45/40°C as day/ night (12 h/12 h) in a growth chamber. The shoot and root length at 40/35°C decreased by 46 and 37 %, respectively over control while at 45/40°C, a decrease of 63 and 47 %, respectively over control was observed. In the plants growing in the presence of 10 μM proline at 40/35°C and 45/40°C, the shoot length showed improvement of 32 and 53 %, respectively over untreated plants, while the root growth was improved by 22 and 26 %, respectively. The stress injury (as membrane damage) increased with elevation of temperatures while cellular respiration, chlorophyll content and relative leaf water content reduced as the temperature increased to 45/40°C. The endogenous proline was elevated to 46 μmol g −1 dw at 40/35°C but declined to 19 μmol g −1 dw in plants growing at 45/40°C that was associated with considerable inhibition of growth at this temperature. The oxidative damage measured as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content increased manifolds in heat stressed plants coupled with inhibition in the activities of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and levels of non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, glutathione, proline) antioxidants. The enzymes associated with carbon fixation (RUBISCO), sucrose synthesis (sucrose phosphate synthase) and sucrose hydrolysis (invertase) were strongly inhibited at 45/40°C. The plants growing in the presence of proline accumulated proline up to 63 μmol g −1 dw and showed less injury to membranes, had improved content of chlorophyll and water, especially at 45/40°C. Additionally, the oxidative injury was significantly reduced coupled with elevated levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. A significant improvement was also noticed in the activities of enzymes of carbon metabolism in proline-treated plants. We report here that proline imparts partial heat tolerance to chickpea's growth by reducing the cellular injury and protection of some vital enzymes related to carbon and oxidative metabolism and exogenous application of proline appears to have a countering effect against elevated high temperatures on chickpea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants by protecting vital enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism

Kaushal

Gupta

Bhandhari

et al. 2011

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

156

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“…Membrane stability index (MSI) was estimated following the method of Premchandra et al (1990) modified by Sairam (1994). 0.1 g of cleaned leaf was taken in a test tube with 10 ml of double distilled water.…”

Section: Membrane Stability Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles on germination, biochemical and morphoanatomical attributes of Cicer arietinum L

Hajra

Mondal

2017

Energ. Ecol. Environ.

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With the development of nanotechnology, metal oxide nanoparticles have been applied in many industries, increasing their potential exposure level in the environment, yet their environmental safety remains poorly evaluated. Present work demonstrated the effects of ZnO and TiO 2 nanoparticles on the germination, morphoanatomical attributes and biochemistry of Cicer arietinum. The nanoparticles are used in three doses, i.e., 100, 500 and 1000 ppm along with control and each dose has three replicates. Results demonstrated that ZnO nanoparticles did not aid in the germination of seed, whereas TiO 2 nanoparticles showed positive impact on germination at 48-h observation. But at 72-h observation both the nanoparticle-treated and control seeds showed 100% germination. Morphological parameters revealed that ZnO nanoparticles have drastic negative impact on both root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry biomass. On the other hand, the status of chlorophyll is almost opposite, i.e., ZnO nanoparticle-treated plants showed higher pigment content than TiO 2 nanoparticle-treated plants. From the statistical point of view, it is revealed that ZnO nanoparticle-treated plant showed significantly different results than that of TiO 2 nanoparticle-treated plants in Chl 'a' (p \ 0.001), Chl 'b' (p \ 0.001), total Chl (p \ 0.001) and carotenoid (p \ 0.001) content. Therefore, from these observations it can be concluded that ZnO nanoparticles showed positive effect on plant pigment content.Transverse sections of root clearly revealed the formation of vascular bundle, and parenchyma tissue is hampered in all the ZnO nanoparticle-treated plants. However, wellformed vascular bundles and other tissue systems are clearly visible for TiO 2 nanoparticle-treated roots. This work shows a combination of both positive and negative effects of ZnO and TiO 2 nanoparticles on a dicot plant. Present observation is very much important to understand the morphological, biochemical and anatomical alteration of plant system under the influence of ZnO and TiO 2 nanoparticles. This will help to utilize the nanoparticles in a managed way where nanoparticles with harmful effect on biological systems can be used in such a way to reduce their exposure to environment, and on the other hand, nanoparticles showing positive effect on biological systems may be used as growth enhancers or biofertilizers. Moreover, these results further strengthen our understanding of environmental safety information with respect to metal oxide nanoparticle.

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“…The MSI was estimated using duplicate 0.2 g samples of leaf tissue as described by Premchandra et al (1990) and modified by Rady (2011b). Samples were placed in test tubes containing 10 ml of DDW.…”

Section: Measurement Of Rwc Msi and Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of compost on growth and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown under saline soil

Rady

Semida

Hemida

et al. 2016

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose The effect of a novel organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) compost, as a partial alternative to mineral fertilizers, on soil characteristics, growth, physio-biochemical attributes, Cd 2? and NO 3 -concentrations, and yields of Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants grown under salt stress was investigated. Methods Six organic and mineral materials were well mixed with water and composted in a polyvinyl house in a concrete trench of size 4 9 5 9 2 m (W 9 L 9 D), respectively. The moisture content was maintained at 50-60% throughout the active composting period by frequent checking. The mixture was turned at 7-day intervals for about 2 months to maintain porosity. This OMF compost was applied for the tested saline soil at 10, 20 and 30 ton ha -1 while reducing the recommended NPK to 50%. In addition,100% NPK was applied as a control to achieve the purpose of this study. Growth characteristics, quantitative and qualitative yield, Cd 2? and NO 3 -concentrations, and physio-biochemical attributes in common bean plants were assessed. Results Addition of OMF compost improved the soil chemical and physical properties. Application of OMF compost at a rate of 20 ton h -1 , as an alternative to 50% of the recommended dose of mineral-NPK fertilizers, significantly decreased the concentrations of Cd 2? and NO 3 -in plant leaves, pods and seeds, showing the same growth characteristics, and pod and seed yields compared to the control (100% of mineral-NPK fertilizers). This treatment also improved all determined physio-biochemical attributes and tested soil characteristics compared to the control. Conclusion The benefit of this OMF compost, as a partial alternative to chemical fertilizers, demonstrated the validity and possibility of sustainable agronomic performance of common bean using locally available recycled organic materials for manufacturing the studied OMF.

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Cell membrane stability, an indicator of drought tolerance, as affected by applied nitrogen in soyabean

Cited by 256 publications

References 13 publications

Proline induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants by protecting vital enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism

Proline induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants by protecting vital enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism

Effects of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles on germination, biochemical and morphoanatomical attributes of Cicer arietinum L

The effect of compost on growth and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown under saline soil

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