Cell membrane biomimetic nanoparticles in drug delivery

Abstract

Despite the efficiency of nanoparticle (NP) therapy, in vivo investigations have shown that it does not perform as well as in vitro. In this case, NP confronts many defensive hurdles once they enter the body. The delivery of NP to sick tissue is inhibited by these immune‐mediated clearance mechanisms. Hence, using a cell membrane to hide NP for active distribution offers up a new path for focused treatment. These NPs are better able to reach the disease's target location, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this emerging class of drug delivery vehicles, the inherent relation between the NPs and the biological components obtained from the human body was utilized, which mimic the properties and activities of native cells. This new technology has shown the viability of using biomimicry to evade immune system‐provided biological barriers, with an emphasis on restricting clearance from the body before reaching its intended target. Furthermore, by providing signaling cues and transplanted biological components that favorably change the intrinsic immune response at the disease site, the NPs would be capable interacting with immune cells regarding the biomimetic method. Thus, we aimed to provide a current landscape and future trends of biomimetic NPs in drug delivery.

Targeting ROS production by Tea Polyphenols biomimetic nanoparticles for asthma treatment in mice

“…Additionally, when modi ed with polyethylene glycol (PEG), PLGA nanocarriers exhibit prolonged circulation time in the body and signi cantly enhanced passive targeting of in ammatory organs [29] . Recently, carriers modi ed with cell membranes, which possess characteristics such as prolonged circulation time, excellent biocompatibility, and strong targeting capabilities, have gained widespread use in the treatment of pulmonary in ammatory diseases [30] . Platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles have garnered signi cant attention due to the unique properties of platelets, including immune evasion, sub-endothelial adhesion, and interactions with pathogens [31,32] .…”

Lipid-based nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy

“…In addition to passive targeting, active targeting techniques may be used to tailor nanoparticle drug delivery frameworks to be more selective to cancer cells ( 138 ). In active targeting, specific ligands that are detected by disease-site cells are attached to the exterior of nanoparticles, enabling them to interact with tumor cells directly ( 139 ) ( Figure 5 ). The most well-known technique for active targeting involves employing a ternary complex composed of an active medication, a ligand or immunological reaction as a focal moiety, and lipids or polymers as a carrier ( 140 ).…”