Cell-mediated Immunity in Patients Positive for Hepatitis-associated Antigen

Dudley, F. J.; Giustino, V.; Sherlock, Sheila

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5843.754

Cited by 99 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…T-lymphocyte function as measured by PHA-induced blast transformation and leukocyte migration inhibition has been reported to be abnormal in HB.Ag-positive patients with chronic active and chronic persistent hepatitis (1)(2)(3). In these studies, however, autologous sera was a component in the assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The persistence of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HB.Ag) in the serum following an attack of hepatitis B is frequently associated with the development of chronic active and chronic persistent hepatitis (4). Cell-mediated immunity in chronic carriers of hepatitis-B antigen and in patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) has been reported to be abnormal when assessed by in vitro assays such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte blast transformation and leukocyte migration inhibition (1)(2)(3)5). Thus, studies were performed to assess the role of T-lymphocyte function in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis and controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thymus-derived or T-lymphocyte' function may be an important determinant in the host response to hepatitis infection (1)(2)(3). The persistence of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HB.Ag) in the serum following an attack of hepatitis B is frequently associated with the development of chronic active and chronic persistent hepatitis (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Wands¹,

Perrotto²,

Alpert³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Wands¹,

Perrotto²,

Alpert³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The specific immune response to HB s Ag has also been studied in vitro in blood from a limited number of carriers. No inhibition of leukocyte migration in the presence of HB s Ag was found by Yeung Laiwah et al [9] or by Dudley et al [10], and inhibition was found only infrequently by Vittal et al [11]. However, Lee et al [12] observed inhibition in 10 of 37 HB s Ag-positive blood donors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

Lack of Leukocyte Migration Inhibition by Hepatitis B Antigen and Normal Nonspecific Immunoreactivity in Asymptomatic Carriers

Desaules

Frei

Libanska

et al. 1976

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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The immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen (RB s Ag) was studied in 25 asymptomatic carriers by the leukocyte migration-inhibition (LMI) test in agarose. In the presence of purified RB s Ag, inhibition was demonstrated in only four of 25 carriers, in contrast to 24 of 28 patients who cleared the antigen after acute infection with hepatitis B. Tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) was also used as an antigen for the LMI test in these carriers. Inhibition was demonstrated in only 12 of 25 individuals who had positive PPD skin tests, in contrast to all of 14 normal noncarrier individuals with positive PPD skin tests and none of 12 normal noncarrier individuals with negative PPD skin tests. A nonspecific immunological investigation of the asymptomatic carriers gave normal results. The lack of an immune response to HB s Ag was thought to be responsible for the persistence of the antigen and also for the absence of symptoms.About 0.2<;'0 of the blood donors in this part of Europe are carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HB s Ag). Some of these asymptomatic carriers have slightly elevated levels of transaminases, whereas others do not exhibit any biochemical sign of hepatic cytolysis but have slight histological abnormalities of the liver. A third group of these carriers are normal, both biochemically and histologically [1][2][3].Since HB s Ag is usually associated with acute hepatitis and disappears at the time of recovery, it is difficult to explain how the antigen can persist in the third (normal) group of carriers without damaging the liver. The fact that HB s Ag can persist in two conditions as different as the healthy carrier state and chronic hepatitis is also problematical.

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“…Several recent investigations reported that cell-mediated reactions to HBsAg were observed in about half of the patients with chronic hepatitis, using a lymphocyte stimulation test, macrophage migration inhibition test and leukocyte migration inhibition test (Dudley et al 1972b;Irwin et al 1974; Lee et al 1975;Tong et al 1975;Ohta et al, 1976Frei et al 1978. These suggest that the cell-mediated immune response to HBsAg may be responsible for elimination of this antigen from the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%