Cell-mediated cytolysis of equine herpesvirus-infected cells by leukocytes from young vaccinated horses

Ellis, John; Steeves, Elizabeth B.; Wright, Andrea; Bogdan, J.; Davis, William C.; Kanara, E W; Haines, Deborah M.

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(96)05749-2

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…EHV-1-specific, CD8 ϩ class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, reaching maximal levels 2 to 3 weeks postinfection (p.i.) (4,20). However, the effectiveness of the current vaccines in stimulating EHV-1-specific CTL and their role in protective immunity in vivo are currently not known.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Cytolytic T-Lymphocyte Response to a Candidate Vaccine Strain of Equine Herpesvirus 1 in CBA Mice

Zhang

Jennings

O’Callaghan

1998

J Virol

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The cytolytic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to respiratory infection with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) in CBA (H-2k ) mice was investigated. Intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of mice with the attenuated EHV-1 strain KyA resulted in the generation of a primary virus-specific CTL response in the draining mediastinal lymph nodes 5 days following infection. EHV-1-specific CTL could be restimulated from the spleen up to 26 weeks after the resolution of infection, indicating that a long-lived memory CTL population was generated. Depletion of CD8+ T cells by treatment with antibody and complement prior to assay eliminated CTL activity from both primary and memory populations, indicating that cytolytic activity in this model was mediated by class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted, CD8+ T cells. A single i.n. inoculation with KyA induced protective immunity against infection with the pathogenic EHV-1 strain, RacL11. The adoptive transfer of splenocytes from KyA-immune donors into sublethally irradiated recipients resulted in a greater than 250-fold reduction in RacL11 in the lung. The elimination of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the transferred cells abrogated clearance of RacL11, while the selective depletion of either subpopulation alone had little effect. These results suggested that both lymphocyte subpopulations contribute to viral clearance, with either subpopulation alone being sufficient.

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Cytolytic T-Lymphocyte Response to a Candidate Vaccine Strain of Equine Herpesvirus 1 in CBA Mice

Zhang

Jennings

O’Callaghan

1998

J Virol

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“…Two vaccinations of foals with a modified live EHV-1 cultivated on an equine cell line (Rhino-Flu; SmithKline Animal Health; this vaccine has been withdrawn from the market) have been shown to increase the cell-mediated cytotoxicity against EHV-1 infected homologous target cells when compared with pre-vaccination cytotoxic activity. However, the cytolysis has not been fully characterised [149]. In another study, the intranasal administration of a live attenuated EHV-1 vaccine (Rhinomune, Pfizer) failed to induce mucosal antibodies, which could explain the failure of attenuated EHV-1 vaccines to prevent virus shedding.…”

Section: Live Attenuated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Herpes Virus-1: Virus, Immunity and Vaccines

Paillot¹,

Case²,

Ross³

et al. 2008

TOVSJ

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Equine Herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) is one of the most common respiratory pathogens of the horse. EHV-1 induces several clinical signs of disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory distress to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death and neuropathogenic disorders. This review details some aspects of EHV-1 biology, its life cycle and pathogenicity in the natural host. Protective immunity stimulated by natural EHV-1 infection, which is short lived and depends of both humoral and cellular immune responses, will also be treated here. Vaccination remains today one of the best options to fight EHV-1 infection and several different strategies of vaccination that have been investigated and developed over the past decades will be presented in this report. EHV-1 Eq. abortion virus α2 Respiratory, abortion, neurological EHV-2 Eq. cytomegalovirus γ3 NA EHV-3 Eq. coital exanthema virus α Coital exanthema EHV-4 Eq. rhinopneumonitis virus α2 Respiratory Equus caballus EHV-5 Eq. cytomegalovirus γ3 NA AHV-1/EHV-6 Related to EHV-3 α Coital exanthema AHV-2/EHV-7 Related to EHV-2 γ3 NA Equus asinus AHV-3/EHV-8 Related to EHV-1 α Rhinitis Gazella thomsoni GHV-1/EHV-9 Similar to EHV-1/EHV-8 α Ga.&Eq. neurological Eq. = equine; Ga. = gazelle; NA= not associated.

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“…However, the cytolysis has not been fully characterised [149]. In another study, the intranasal administration of a live attenuated EHV-1 vaccine (Rhinomune, Pfizer) failed to induce mucosal antibodies, which could explain the failure of attenuated EHV-1 vaccines to prevent virus shedding.…”

Section: Live Attenuated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%