Cell lines

Kaur, Gurvinder; Dufour, Jannette M.

doi:10.4161/spmg.19885

Cited by 347 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…While the use of Sertoli cell line is convenient and less costly vs. primary Sertoli cell cultures, however, findings based on the use of a Sertoli cell line must be cautiously interpreted since some of these cells are immortal Sertoli cells. For instance, MSC-1 cells do not possess FSH receptors [78] and do not produce Mullerian inhibiting substance [79]; MSC-1 cells also do not secrete immunosuppressive biomolecules as of primary Sertoli cells, among other issues as noted by others, illustrating their usefulness to monitor toxicant-mediated testis injury (for a review, see [80]). Herein, we critically evaluate data obtained by exposing rat and human Sertoli cells to toxicants to provide insightful information on toxicant-mediated Sertoli cell dysfunction with emphasis on the likely mechanisms by which toxicants induced Sertoli cell BTB function through the disruption of actin-based cytoskeleton.…”

Section: Rat Versus Human Sertoli Cell In Vitro Models To Study Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is toxicant-induced Sertoli cell injury in vitro a useful model to study molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis?

Mruk

Lee

et al. 2016

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

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Sertoli cells isolated from rodents or humans and cultured in vitro are known to establish a functional tight junction (TJ)-permeability barrier that mimics the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in vivo. This model has been widely used by investigators to study the biology of the TJ and the BTB. Studies have shown that environmental toxicants (e.g., perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), bisphenol A (BPA) and cadmium) that exert their disruptive effects to induce Sertoli cell injury using this in vitro model are reproducible in studies in vivo. Thus, this in vitro system provides a convenient approach to probe the molecular mechanism(s) underlying toxicant-induced testis injury but also to provide new insights in understanding spermatogenesis, such as the biology of cell adhesion, spermatid transport, and others. Herein, we provide a brief and critical review based on studies using this in vitro model of Sertoli cell cultures using primary cells isolated from rodent testes versus humans to monitor environmental toxicant-mediated Sertoli cell injury, and this information is relevant to the molecular mechanisms that regulate spermatogenesis. In short, recent findings have shown that environmental toxicants exert their effects on Sertoli cells to induce testis injury through their action on Sertoli cell actin- and/or microtubule-based cytoskeleton. These effects are mediated via their disruptive effects on actin- and/or microtubule-binding proteins. Sertoli cells also utilize differential spatiotemporal expression of these actin binding proteins to confer plasticity to the BTB to regulate germ cell transport across the BTB.

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Section: Rat Versus Human Sertoli Cell In Vitro Models To Study Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is toxicant-induced Sertoli cell injury in vitro a useful model to study molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis?

Mruk

Lee

et al. 2016

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

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“…However, PFOS was found to activate p38 and ERK pathways in primary mouse Sertoli cells during PFOS-mediated Cx43 reduction [78]. Although these differences could be the result of using primary Sertoli cell cultures versus cell line [80], they illustrate consistently that PFOS and other environmental toxicants (e.g., nonylphenol) can induce GJ communication failure, which is possibly mediated by MAPK downstream. This possibility must be carefully evaluated in future studies since these findings can lead to better therapeutic management of toxicant-induced male infertility.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Environmental Toxicant-induced Testicular Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis – a mechanistic and therapeutic insight

Gao

Mruk

Cheng

2015

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Introduction Sertoli cells support germ cell development in the testis via an elaborate network of cell junctions that confers structural, communicating, and signaling support. However, Sertoli cell junctions and cytoskeletons are the target of environmental toxicants. Because germ cells rely on Sertoli cells for the provision of structural/functional/nutritional support, exposure of males to toxicants leads to germ cell exfoliation due to Sertoli cell injuries. Interestingly, the molecular mechanism(s) by which toxicants induce cytoskeletal disruption that leads to germ cell exfoliation is unclear, until recent years, which are discussed herein. This information can possibly be used to therapeutically manage toxicant-induced infertility/subfertility in human males. Areas covered In this review, we provide a brief update on the use of Sertoli cell system developed for rodents and humans in vitro, which can be deployed in any research laboratory with minimal upfront setup costs. These systems can be used to collect reliable data applicable to studies in vivo. We also discuss the latest findings on the mechanisms by which toxicants induce Sertoli cell injury, in particular cytoskeletal disruption. We also identify candidate molecules that are likely targets of toxicants. Expert opinion We provide two hypothetical models delineating the mechanism by which toxicants induce germ cell exfoliation and blood–testis barrier disruption. We also discuss molecules that are the targets of toxicants as therapeutic candidates.

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“…We envisage that this optimized method could be exploited to overexpress genes implicated in Sertoli cell development and dysfunction in primary cell culture. This method may be particularly useful as an alternative to immortalized Sertoli-like cell lines, which do not fully recapitulate Sertoli cell gene expression and function 25 . Previous reports indicate that Sertoli cells express the gene silencing machinery required for siRNA mediated gene knockdown, 4 and consequently, the protocol outlined in this report could also be utilized to express an shRNA transcript to knockdown gene function in a differentiated Sertoli cell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lentiviral transduction of rat Sertoli cells as a means to modify gene expression

et al. 2012

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Primary cell culture is an established and widely used technique to study Sertoli cell function in vitro. However, the relative difficulty of stably overexpressing or knocking down genes in Sertoli cell culture has limited progress in the field. In this technical report, we present a method to transduce 20 dpp rat Sertoli cell cultures with VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral based vectors at a high rate (~80%), with stable reporter gene expression. Although high transgene expression is desirable, it was noted that at transduction rates > 60% inter-Sertoli cell tight junction integrity and, hence, Sertoli cell function, were transiently compromised. We envisage that this optimized procedure has the potential to stimulate Sertoli cell research, and motivate the use of Sertoli cells in various cell therapy applications.

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Cell lines

Cited by 347 publications

References 31 publications

Is toxicant-induced Sertoli cell injury in vitro a useful model to study molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis?

Is toxicant-induced Sertoli cell injury in vitro a useful model to study molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis?

Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis – a mechanistic and therapeutic insight

Lentiviral transduction of rat Sertoli cells as a means to modify gene expression

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