Cell-Free Transmission and In Vivo Replication of Marek's Disease Virus

Nazerian, K.; Witter, R. L.

doi:10.1128/jvi.5.3.388-397.1970

Cited by 127 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The localization of the MDHV antigen in chickens infected with JM isolate of MD by immunofluorescence as reported by Calnek and Hitchner (1969) and the electron microscopic studies of occurrence of virus particles in the epithelial cells of kidney and feather follicles of infected chickens (Schidlovsky et al, 1969;Nazerian and Witter, 1970) encouraged us to undertake this study. The present series of experiments showed that large quantities of MDHV antigens can be extracted from feather follicles of GA-infected chickens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…These studies indicate that the antigens to which infected chickens respond do not reside in the tumor cells but rather in the non-lymphoid, non-tumorous epithelial cells. Support for this also comes from various studies where, although abundant MDHV was demonstrated by electron microscopy in the epithelial cells growing in vitro (Epstein et al, 1968;Ahmed and Schidlovsky, 1968;Eidson et al, 1969) and in vivo (Nazerian and Witter, 1970) the virus could not be detected in the infiltrating lymphoid tumor cells of chickens with MD. Recently, Calnek et al (1970) reported the isolation of infectious enveloped MDHV from the feather follicle epithelium of JM-virus infected chickens; but they were unable to extract the infectious virus from the tumor cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Until recently (Schidlovsky et al, 1969;Nazerian and Witter, 1970) results of electron microscopic search for Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDHV) in chickens have been generally disappointing because examinations of tumors have given uniformly negative findings. On the other hand, airborne or contact transmission of Marek's disease (MD) occurs very readily (Sevoian et al, 1963; Kenzy and Cho, 1969) and recently Beasley et al (1970) were able to induce MD with dander shed from diseased chickens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major breakthrough came when Calnek and Hitchner (1969) showed that chickens infected with JM-isolate of MD have MDHV antigens demonstrable by immunofluorescence in various tissues and that cells surrounding feather follicles were most frequently positive. Several laboratories directed their search for virus to the chicken feather follicles, and the recent work with the JM strain of classical MD showed the presence of virus particles and viral antigens in various organs of infected chickens (Nazerian and Witter, 1970;Purchase, 1970;Calnek et al, 1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extractable herpesvirus antigens from chickens with marek's disease

Ahmed¹,

Leech²,

Slattery³

et al. 1971

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Marek's disease herpesvirus ( M D H V ) antigens are demonstrable by indirect immunofluorescence and micro-immunodiffusion tests in epithelial cells of feather follicles (FF) of chickens infected with GA strain of MDHV; but lymphoid tumor cells are devoid of virus particles and virus-associated antigens. The antigens extracted from virus-containing epithelial cells growing in vivoor in vitro were found to be of a similar nature. Electron microscopy showed that antibody-positive chicken sera caused speci5c coating of MDHVparticles extracted from feather follicular cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Extractable herpesvirus antigens from chickens with marek's disease

Ahmed¹,

Leech²,

Slattery³

et al. 1971

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Although detailed studies of virus development and morphogenesis in infected cells have been reported in herpes-type viruses (e.g., 1,7,19,24,[26][27][28], to our knowledge the kinetic events involved in MDHV infection have not been reported. There is, however, a substantial literature dealing with the biological, morphological, and immunological characteristics of MDHV (e.g., 2,3,4,6,15,17,33). This paper is an attempt to describe the levels of infectivity and antigenicity during the infectious cycle as well as the morphogenesis of the virus in infected cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenesis of Marek's Disease (Type II Leukosis) Virus In Vitro: Electron Microscopy and Immunological Study

1974

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The kinetic events involved in Marek's disease herpesvirus infection of avian cell culture were investigated by assaying viral infectivity and antigenicity as well as by electron microscopy during the infectious cycle. The levels of viral infectivity and complement-fixing (CF) antigens revealed that the rates of appearance of infectious particles and CF antigens were not synchronous. Viral specific CF antigen could be detected 5 h after infection, whereas viral infectivity or the appearance of viral particles could be demonstrated only after 10 h of infection. High proportions of the recovered CF antigens during the various stages of the infectious cycle were found to be soluble and did not sediment with the virus particles. Cytological analysis of the developmental stages of the JM virus-infected cells by thin sectioning and electron microscopy revealed that at 8 h small particles approximately 35 nm in diameter appeared in the cell nuclei. The appearance of nucleocapsids occurred at 10 h, and these were of varying shapes; however, all were approximately 100 nm in diameter. At approximately 18 h postinfection, mature virus particles were observed. Viral maturation of the immature particles occurred by the acquisition of envelope from the inner leaflet of the nuclear membrane or from the cytoplasmic membrane of the cell.

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Recurrent Polyneuropathy and Neurolymphomatosis

Borit¹,

Altrocchi²

1971

Archives of Neurology

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polyneuropathy is a rare disorder, especially cases with more than one relapse. Reports of necropsied cases are extremely rare.It is the purpose of this paper to describe the clinical and pathological features of a patient with recurrent polyneuropathy who had many relapses over a period of 31 years.The unusual clinical picture was associated with striking findings at necropsy: there was widespread, but focal, infiltration by lymphoid cells of the peripheral nerves and their ganglia as well as of the leptomeninges and the larger Virchow-Robin spaces of the entire central nervous system (CNS), suggesting a lymphoproliferative process. This combination of clinical and pathological findings has not been previously described in man, but there is considerable resemblance to the disorder known in veterinary medicine as Marek's disease or neurolymphomatosis gallinarum, a polyneuropathy of chickens which recent studies have shown to be of probable viral etiology. Report of a CaseThe patient was in good health until the age of 36 years when, in 1936, in association with an upper-respiratory tract infection, he de¬ veloped marked proximal and distal weakness of his right leg, without numbness, radicular pain, or sphincter disturbances. He recovered incompletely over the next four months and was left with mild atrophy and weakness of that limb.During the next 15 years, on a number of occasions he noted exacerbations of his right leg weakness. These episodes were usually mild but sometimes so severe that he had to be lifted upstairs. He always associated these exacerba¬ tions with infections, usually upper respiratory, or with excessive fatigue. He did not seek medical evaluation for these relapses. He would recover most of his strength in one to two weeks but felt that each exacerbation left him with a slightly greater degree of permanent weakness.In 1951, on the day following a right thoracotomy for resection of a pneumatocele, he de¬ veloped a severe, progressive, flaccid quadriparesis, diffuse fasciculations, virtual areflexia, and mild numbness of his right hand. There was no cranial nerve involvement. He gradually recovered over a period of two months but was left with mild, asymmetrical, proximal, and distal weakness in all extremities.Over the next 16 years, until his death, he experienced one to three exacerbations of his flaccid quadriparesis yearly, usually in associa¬ tion with an upper-respiratory tract infection but sometimes following other types of minor infectious illnesses, surgical procedures, or ex¬ cessive fatigue. There was no definite correla¬ tion between exacerbations and a particular type of medication, such as barbiturates. At times these exacerbations would last only three to six days, but at other times, several weeks were required for recovery, which was often incomplete. Some relapses were accompanied by numbness of his right hand and forearm, but most relapses were entirely motor.In 1963, at the age of 62, he was admitted to the Neurology Service of Stanford University Hospital for evaluation....

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Cell-Free Transmission and In Vivo Replication of Marek's Disease Virus

Cited by 127 publications

References 14 publications

Extractable herpesvirus antigens from chickens with marek's disease

Extractable herpesvirus antigens from chickens with marek's disease

Biogenesis of Marek's Disease (Type II Leukosis) Virus In Vitro: Electron Microscopy and Immunological Study

Recurrent Polyneuropathy and Neurolymphomatosis

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