Cell Division Cycle Associated Genes as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

With high mortality and poor prognosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) has become the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most of the LIHC patients missed the best treatment period because of the untimely diagnosis. For others, even if they are temporarily cured, they have to face a very low prognostic survival rate and a very high risk of recurrence. Based on the characteristics of abnormal proliferation and uncontrolled growth of tumor cells. Cell Division Cycle Associated (CDCA) family genes, which are responsible for regulating the cell cycle and proliferation, were selected as our research object to explore the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis. To this end, we investigated the expression profiles of CDCA family genes in LIHC and corresponding normal tissues, and the effect of CDCAs expression on the survival of prognosis and immune cell infiltration through bioinformatics analysis methods and the publicly accessible online databases. In addition, we also analyzed the expression correlation of CDCAs and screened the neighboring genes related to functional CDCAs. The results revealed that the expression levels of CDCA1/3/5/8 were significantly increased in LIHC, regardless of stage, sex, race, drinking behavior, and other clinical factors. CDCAs expression was significantly correlated with poor prognosis and was positively correlated with the infiltration of dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages. We also found that the most relevant neighboring genes to CDCAs in LIHC were SGO2, NDC80, BIRC5, INCENP, and PLOD1. In general, our work suggests that CDCA1/3/5/8 has the potential to be a diagnostic gene in hepatocarcinogenesis and prognostic biomarkers for LIHC patients.

High SGO2 Expression Predicts Poor Overall Survival: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Cell Division Cycle Associated (CDCA) family genes were proven to be associated with survival in HCC patients with the hepatitis virus or alcohol consumption. One of the most relevant neighboring genes to CDCAs in HCC was SGO2 [26]. At present, the therapeutic efficacy of targeted treatment and immunotherapy is still unsatisfactory [37,38].…”

“…It is often overexpressed in different tumor tissues, such as gastric cancer [24]. Moreover, some researchers have discovered that SGO2 may be combined with other genes to participate in partial tumor occurrences and developments in recent years [26,27]. However, the biological function of SGO2 in HCC remains unclear.…”

Overexpressing PLOD Family Genes Predict Poor Prognosis In Pancreatic Cancer

“…Several studies found that the abnormal expression of PLOD1 is closely associated with multiple malignancies in humans, including stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, and osteosarcoma [12][13][14][15] . n addition, Yamada Y et al [16] , indicated that miR-140-5p could directly bind to the 3'-UTR of PLOD1, causing PLOD1 knocking to signi cantly inhibit the migration and invasion of T24 cells.Jiang H et al [15] ,found that PLOD1 regulated the proliferation and invasion of osteossarcoma cells through the Wnt/ β -catenin signaling pathway.…”

SGOL2 promotes prostate cancer progression by inhibiting RAB1A ubiquitination

“…AGING A growing body of evidence indicates that SGOL2 is a novel molecule with profound significance in cancer and related fields. Up to now, what is clear is that SGOL2 has been reported as a differentially expressed gene in various types of cancer, including glioma, hepatocellular cancer, and endometrial cancer [13][14][15]. Previous studies had demonstrated that SGOL2 had a protein-protein interaction with BRCA1, whose variants were regarded as biomarkers to predict the survival prognosis of prostate cancer patients [16,17].…”