Cell disruption technologies

Dhondt, Elisabeth; Martín-Juárez, Judit; Bolado, Silvia; Kasperovičienė, Jūratė; Koreivienė, Judita; Šulčius, Sigitas; Elst, Kathy; Bastiaens, Leen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101023-5.00006-6

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…As lipids constitute an intracellular compound, a pretreatment step of the microbial biomass is often required as a means to disrupt the cellular integrity of oleaginous microorganisms and improve the lipid extraction efficiency [290]. Apart from enhancing the lipid extraction, the application of pretreatment can also allow lipid extraction directly from wet biomass [301]. Generally, the pretreatment techniques are divided into mechanical and non-mechanical methods, with the non-mechanical methods to be further divided into physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods [285,290,[302][303][304].…”

Section: Pretreatment For Enhancement Of Lipid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Potential Oleaginous Microorganisms and Their Role in Biodiesel and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Industries

et al. 2020

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Microorganisms are known to be natural oil producers in their cellular compartments. Microorganisms that accumulate more than 20% w/w of lipids on a cell dry weight basis are considered as oleaginous microorganisms. These are capable of synthesizing vast majority of fatty acids from short hydrocarbonated chain (C6) to long hydrocarbonated chain (C36), which may be saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), depending on the presence and number of double bonds in hydrocarbonated chains. Depending on the fatty acid profile, the oils obtained from oleaginous microorganisms are utilized as feedstock for either biodiesel production or as nutraceuticals. Mainly microalgae, bacteria, and yeasts are involved in the production of biodiesel, whereas thraustochytrids, fungi, and some of the microalgae are well known to be producers of very long-chain PUFA (omega-3 fatty acids). In this review article, the type of oleaginous microorganisms and their expertise in the field of biodiesel or omega-3 fatty acids, advances in metabolic engineering tools for enhanced lipid accumulation, upstream and downstream processing of lipids, including purification of biodiesel and concentration of omega-3 fatty acids are reviewed.

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Section: Pretreatment For Enhancement Of Lipid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Potential Oleaginous Microorganisms and Their Role in Biodiesel and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Industries

et al. 2020

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“…The architecture and cell wall composition of microalgae and cyanobacteria vary widely, ranging from tiny membranes to multilayered complex structures. Based on the complexity of surface structures, four cell types can be distinguished: (I) a simple phospholipid bilayer cell membrane, (II) cell membrane and additional extracellular material, (III) cell membrane and additional intracellular material in vesicles, and (IV) cell membrane as well as additional intra‐ and extracellular layers (D´Hondt et al., ). The microalgae species most used for biotechnological applications belong to Type I (naked), such as Dunaliella , which is vulnerable to disruption, or to type II such as Spirulina, Chlorella, Haematococcus, Scenedesmus , or Nannochloropsis with a complex cell wall.…”

Section: Microbial Structure and The Location Of Target Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these methods cannot be applied in continuous flow, and are thus difficult to scale up. Furthermore, the resulting extreme denaturalization of cell coverings leads to the leakage of cell fragments and therefore requires subsequent purification techniques, while also impeding the extraction of labile compounds that have become degraded (Biller et al., ; D'Hondt et al., ; McMillan, Watson, Ali, & Jaafar, ; Skorupskaite, Makareviciene, Ubartas, Karosiene, & Gumbyte, ; Walther, Kellner, Berkemeyer, Brocard, & Dürauer, ). As an alternative to the disruption methods we have just described, this review provides insights into the potential of electroporation using pulsed electric fields (PEF).…”

Section: Obtaining Highly Valuable Compounds From Microbial Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction of valuable compounds from microorganisms

Martínez

Delso

Álvarez

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

110

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Microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, and microalgae) are a promising resource for products of high value such as nutrients, pigments, and enzymes. The majority of these compounds of interest remain inside the cell, thus making it necessary to extract and purify them before use. This review presents the challenges and opportunities in the production of these compounds, the microbial structure and the location of target compounds in the cells, the different procedures proposed for improving extraction of these compounds, and pulsed electric field (PEF)‐assisted extraction as alternative to these procedures. PEF is a nonthermal technology that produces a precise action on the cytoplasmic membrane improving the selective release of intracellular compounds while avoiding undesirable consequences of heating on the characteristics and purity of the extracts. PEF pretreatment with low energetic requirements allows for high extraction yields. However, PEF parameters should be tailored to each microbial cell, according to their structure, size, and other factors affecting efficiency. Furthermore, the recent discovery of the triggering effect of enzymatic activity during cell incubation after electroporation opens up the possibility of new implementations of PEF for the recovery of compounds that are bounded or assembled in structures. Similarly, PEF parameters and suspension storage conditions need to be optimized to reach the desired effect. PEF can be applied in continuous flow and is adaptable to industrial equipment, making it feasible for scale‐up to large processing capacities.

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“…Today, there are several mechanical techniques available for cell disruption such as bead milling (BM), high pressure homogenization (HPH), ultrasonication (US), microwave treatment (MW) or Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) (Günerken et al, 2015). Even if high pressure homogenization and bead milling are considered to be the most effective techniques for cell disruption, their main disadvantage is the resulting small cell debris and the non-selective release of intracellular components (D'Hondt et al, 2017). A promising alternative is disruption of cells by means of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Modeling and Numerical Simulation as Tools to Scale Microalgae Cell Membrane Permeabilization by Means of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) From Lab to Pilot Plants

Knappert

McHardy

Rauh

2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) is a promising technology for the gentle and energy efficient disruption of microalgae cells such as Chlorella vulgaris. The technology is based on the exposure of cells to a high voltage electric field, which causes the permeabilization of the cell membrane. Due to the dependency of the effective treatment conditions on the specific design of the treatment chamber, it is difficult to compare data obtained in different chambers or at different scales, e.g., lab or pilot scale. This problem can be overcome by the help of numerical simulation since it enables the accessibility to the local treatment conditions (electric field strength, temperature, flow field) inside a treatment chamber. To date, no kinetic models for the cell membrane permeabilization of microalgae are available what makes it difficult to decide if and in what extent local treatment conditions have an impact on the permeabilization. Therefore, a kinetic model for the perforation of microalgae cells of the species Chlorella vulgaris was developed in the present work. The model describes the fraction of perforated cells as a function of the electric field strength, the temperature and the treatment time by using data which were obtained in a milliliter scale batchwise treatment chamber. Thereafter, the model was implemented in a CFD simulation of a pilot-scale continuous treatment chamber with colinear electrode arrangement. The numerical results were compared to experimental measurements of cell permeabilization in a similar continuous treatment chamber. The predicted values and the experimental data agree reasonably well what demonstrates the validity of the proposed model. Therefore, it can be applied to any possible treatment chamber geometry and can be used as a tool for scaling cell permeabilization of microalgae by means of PEF from lab to pilot scale. The present work provides the first contribution showing the applicability of kinetic modeling and numerical simulation for designing PEF processes for the purpose of biorefining microalgae biomass. This can help to develop new processes and to reduce the costs for the development of new treatment chamber designs.

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Cell disruption technologies

Cited by 53 publications

References 71 publications

An Overview of Potential Oleaginous Microorganisms and Their Role in Biodiesel and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Industries

An Overview of Potential Oleaginous Microorganisms and Their Role in Biodiesel and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Industries

Pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction of valuable compounds from microorganisms

Kinetic Modeling and Numerical Simulation as Tools to Scale Microalgae Cell Membrane Permeabilization by Means of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) From Lab to Pilot Plants

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