Cell cycle parameters of Proteus mirabilis: interdependence of the biosynthetic cell cycle and the interdivision cycle

Gmeiner, Jobst; Sarnow, Elke; Milde, K

doi:10.1128/jb.164.2.741-748.1985

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Elongation of the swarmer cell can give rise to cells 60 to 80 µm in length. During this process, DNA replication proceeds without significant change in rate from that in the swimmer cell (Gmeiner et al, 1985). Not surprisingly, the rate of synthesis of certain proteins, e.g, flagellin, the protein subunit of the flagellar filament, is altered markedly in the swarmer cell (Armitage et al 1979;Armitage, 1981;Falkinham and Hoffman, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associated protein screening and identification in Proteus mirabilis swarm colony development

Liu¹,

Xie²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Proteus mirabilis colonies exhibit striking geometric regularity, and swarm colony terraces correspond to one swarming-plus-consolidation cycle. Basic microbiological methods and imaging techniques were used to measure periodic macroscopic events in swarm colony morphogenesis. Here, adding a respiratory enzyme indicator, 2,3,5-triphenyltetra-zolium chloride (TTC) into the culture medium, the bacteria on the rings gradually changed into red and the change was not synchronous with the formation of ring. According to this phenomenon, we distinguished five phases as P. mirabilis colonize agar surfaces during swarming to investigate the bacteria swarm colony development mechanism by the methods of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry and real time fluorescence quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR). Through these observations, we found that P. mirabilis swarm colony development was closely related to the gene fusA, fliC1, tufB, ahpC, icd and flaB. The research indicates that the functions of the genes fusA, filC1 and tufB in swarming phase significantly influence the P. mirabilis swarming behavior. In consolidation phase, expression of ahpC connected to oxidative stress decreased as compared to other phases. The gene icd which affected the metabolism had high expression in consolidation phase I and there were more expression from the bacteria on the ring than that from the bacteria between two rings. The increase of flaB was concomitant with the development of cell growth from swarming phase to turn red phase II. The morphology of P. mirabilis was obviously distinct in different growth phase, and periodically changed. The movement and metabolize way of P. mirabilis were diverse in different growth phase. In swarming phase, the swarm colony and antioxidant ability was enhanced, but the functions of respiratory and metabolism was down-regulated. In conclusion, the bacteria fertility ability and respiratory function were enhanced in consolidation phase. These genes related with motion and metabolism played a key role in regulating P. mirabilis swarm colony development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associated protein screening and identification in Proteus mirabilis swarm colony development

Liu¹,

Xie²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Septation behaviour of the apical cell in Streptomyces granaticolor mycelia

Kretschmer¹

1989

J. Basic Microbiol.

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The septation behaviour of the apical hyphal cell, which solely brings about hyphal elongation, was studied using mycelia grown at different specific growth rates (p) (chemostat and batch cultures). After cell wall staining it was found that both the apical cell (cl) and the adjacent subapical cell (c2) were generally unbranched. Thus, their length (L) could be easily determined.As the growth rate decreased, Lcl as well as Lc2 decreased, but cells smaller than 5 pm were not observed, even at extremely slow rates of growth (p = 0.06 h-'). The largest cells were observed in rich media, where Lcl attained 41 pm. Since Lc2 represented the length of one of the new-born daughter cells of cl, the distribution curves of Lc2 were used to look for regularity of septation. Especially at slow rates of growth, the curves indicated that in cl septation did not occur randomly. By using Lc2 the interdivision time Tof cl wascalculated. At fast rates of growth it was identical to the earlier determined replication time C, indicating that in mature hyphae septation was coupled to the rounds of DNA replication.Lcl and Lc2 were used to calculate the length of cl at birth and at the start of septation. It was found that upon septation the appearing daughter cells were differently sized. Depending on the growth rate, the apically situated daughter cell was 1.37 to 1.81 times larger than the subapical daughter (c2). Based on the functional heterogeneity of the sister cells a hypothesis was invented, which could explain the asymmetric septation pattern. It involves the existence of a period S between the determination of the septum site at median position and the actual process of septum formation. The duration of S was calculated, and its correlation to the T and C values at the corresponding growth rates was discussed. Two mechanisms could be distinguished, which were responsible for the immense increase of Lcl at fast rates of growth.The hyphae of Streptomyces mycelia are septated by cross walls. Each hyphal length surrounded by a continuous envelope was regarded as a single cell (KRETSCHMER 1982). Since Streptomyces hyphae elongate solely at the hyphal tip ( SCHUHMANN und BERGTER 1976, LOCCI and SCHAAL 1980, BRANA et al. 1982 only the apically situated cell contributes to hyphal growth. The conversion of nongrowing subapical cells into growing ones by branch formation will not be regarded here.Until now, it was not known, whether the growing apical cell exhibits a regulated pattern of septation, or whether cross wall formation occurs rather randomly. Because the filamentous hyphal cells contain numerous nucleoids (KRETSCHMER and KUMMER 1987) a simple coordination between D N A replication and septation as is expressed in the single cell eubacteria (DONACHIE 1979, NANNINGA and WOLDRINGH 1985) seems to be missed.In order to describe the septation pattern of the apical cell in streptomycetes, the apical hyphal region of Streptomyces granaticolor was quantitatively analyzed at cellular level. For the timing as well as for the location o...

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1991

Bacterial Growth and Division

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Cell cycle parameters of Proteus mirabilis: interdependence of the biosynthetic cell cycle and the interdivision cycle

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

The associated protein screening and identification in Proteus mirabilis swarm colony development

The associated protein screening and identification in Proteus mirabilis swarm colony development

Septation behaviour of the apical cell in Streptomyces granaticolor mycelia

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