Cell and Gene Therapy for Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase 1 Deficiency

Zhang, Yuang; Li, Bin

doi:10.15406/jpnc.2017.07.00273

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…In an induced hyperammonemic rat model, the flavonoid fisetin showed the ability to prevent oxidative stress, normalized blood ammonia, and increased the expression of UCD enzymes, including CPS1 . Hepatocyte or stem cell transplantation and new approaches for gene therapy have become promising treatment for CPS1D …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular, biochemical, and clinical analyses of five patients with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency

Fan

Zhao

Jiang

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare urea cycle disorder. The aim of this study was to present the clinical findings, management, biochemical data, molecular genetic analysis, and short-term prognosis of five children with CPS1D.Methods: The information of five CPS1D patients was retrospectively studied. We used targeted next-generation sequencing to identify carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) variants in patients suspected to have CPS1D. Candidate mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. In silico and structure analyses were processed for the pathogenicity predictions of the identified mutations. Results:The patients had typically clinical manifestations and biochemical data of CPS1D. Genetic analysis revealed nine mutations in the CPS1 gene, including recurrence of c.1145C > T, five of which were firstly reported. Seven mutations were missense changes, while the remaining two were predicted to create premature stop codons. In silico and structure analyses showed that these genetic lesions were predicted to affect the function or stability of the enzyme. Conclusion:We reported five cases of CPS1D. Five novel mutations of CPS1 gene were found. Mutations of CPS1 have private nature, and most of them are missense compound heterozygous. The mutation affecting residue predicted to interfere the catalytic sites, the internal tunnel, or the regulatory domain results in severe phenotype. K E Y W O R D Scarbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency, clinical presentation, CPS1, hyperammonemia, urea cycle disorders 2 of 9 | FAN et Al. | INTRODUC TI ONThe urea cycle (UC) occurring in the liver is the only pathway capable of metabolizing waste nitrogen. It mainly consists of five catalytic enzymes, including carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase, and arginase, and a cofactor producer N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS). 1 Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency (CPS1D; MIM# 237300; EC 6.3.4.16) is a genetic disorder of the CPS1 enzyme, which is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. 2 The CPS1 enzyme catalyzes the first step of the UC, and during this process, ammonia is converted into carbamoyl phosphate. 3 The incidence of CPS1D has been reported to be 1 in 1 300 000. 4 Mutations of the CPS1 gene may cause partial or total absence of the enzyme activity, which can hamper the detoxification of excess nitrogen resulting from breakdown of protein, lead to acute hyperammonemia (HA), and present as a series of neurological malfunctions. 5Traditionally, CPS1D has been classified into two phenotypes.Individuals with CPS1D range from undetectable to a residual activity of ≤5% may have a neonatal onset, 6 presenting as somnolence, poor feeding, vomiting, hypothermia, hyperventilation, and seizures that rapidly progress to lethargy and coma that correspond with accumulation of ammonia and other precursor metabolites during the newborn period. 7,8 Delayed recognition and measurem...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%