Cell analysis using a multiple internal reflection photonic lab-on-a-chip

Vila-Planas, Jordi; Fernández-Rosas, Elisabet; Ibarlucea, Bergoi; Demming, Stefanie; Nogués, Carme; Plaza, J.A.; Domı́nguez, Carlos; Büttgenbach, S.; Llobera, Andreu

doi:10.1038/nprot.2011.383

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the case of microchannel-based microfluidics, optical detection has proven popular because of the small instrumentation footprint and ease of integration with devices [5]. Several innovations have further enhanced the utility of optical detection in microchannels, including device-integrated reflectors [4,6], filters [7], attenuators [8], waveguides [9,10] and microlenses [11,12]. The integration of optofluidic technologies with microchannels has paved the way for the development of a variety of optical lab-on-a-chip systems, such as cell sorting [13], microscopy [14], particle analysis [15], surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [16] and cavity ring-down spectroscopy [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A guiding light: spectroscopy on digital microfluidic devices using in-plane optical fibre waveguides

2015

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We present a novel method for in-plane digital microfluidic spectroscopy. In this technique, a custom manifold (.stl file available online as ESM) aligns optical fibres with a digital microfluidic device, allowing optical measurements to be made in the plane of the device. Because of the greater width vs thickness of a droplet on-device, the in-plane alignment of this technique allows it to outperform the sensitivity of vertical absorbance measurements on digital microfluidic (DMF) devices by ∼14×. The new system also has greater calibration sensitivity for thymol blue measurements than the popular NanoDrop system by ∼2.5×. The improvements in absorbance sensitivity result from increased path length, as well as from additional effects likely caused by liquid lensing, in which the presence of a water droplet between optical fibres increases fibre-to-fibre transmission of light by ∼2× through refraction and internal reflection. For interrogation of dilute samples, stretching of droplets using digital microfluidic electrodes and adjustment of fibre-to-fibre gap width allows absorbance path length to be changed on-demand. We anticipate this new digital microfluidic optical fibre absorbance and fluorescence measurement system will be useful for a wide variety of analytical applications involving microvolume samples with digital microfluidics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A guiding light: spectroscopy on digital microfluidic devices using in-plane optical fibre waveguides

2015

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“…35. Once the corresponding absorbance vs. concentration calibration curves were obtained, the limit of detection (LOD) could be estimated following the 3s IUPAC criteria.…”

Section: Biofunctionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 The first two steps make use of standard techniques, and a detailed description can be found elsewhere. 35 Briefly, a 230-mm-thick layer of SU-8 2050 was spun over a substrate. After the soft bake, it was exposed to UV light using the appropriate mask.…”

Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctionalized all-polymer photonic lab on a chip with integrated solid-state light emitter

et al. 2015

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A photonic lab on a chip (PhLOC), comprising a solid-state light emitter (SSLE) aligned with a biofunctionalized optofluidic multiple internal reflection (MIR) system, is presented. The SSLE is obtained by filling a microfluidic structure with a phenyltrimethoxysilane (PhTMOS) aqueous sol solution containing a fluorophore organic dye. After curing, the resulting xerogel solid structure retains the emitting properties of the fluorophore, which is evenly distributed in the xerogel matrix. Photostability studies demonstrate that after a total dose (at l5365 nm) greater than 24 J cm 22 , the xerogel emission decay is only 4.1%. To re-direct the emitted light, the SSLE includes two sets of air mirrors that surround the xerogel. Emission mapping of the SSLE demonstrates that alignment variations of 150 mm (between the SSLE and the external pumping light source) provide fluctuations in emitted light smaller than 5%. After this verification, the SSLE is monolithically implemented with a MIR, forming the PhLOC. Its performance is assessed by measuring quinolone yellow, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of (0.6060.01) mM. Finally, the MIR is selectively biofunctionalized with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) target analyte, obtaining a LOD of (0.760.1) mM for H 2 O 2 , confirming, for the first time, that solid-state xerogel-based emitters can be massively implemented in biofunctionalized PhLOCs.

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“…The slab samples, cantilevers, and soft microsystems were fabricated with soft lithography technology (Vila-Planas et al, 2011). The process started using a soda-lime wafer with a thickness of 700 μm, onto which a 250 μm SU-8 50 layer was spun.…”

Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elastomers, and specially polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), can easily be doped with magnetic particles, allowing the synthesis of a specific type of SRM -often called stimulus-sensitive or magneto-rheological elastomers, SRE or MRE, respectively. The selection of this elastomer is not at all arbitrary, since it exhibits outstanding properties such as: (i) low Young's modulus (Y) (Carrillo et al, 2005); (ii) high transmittance in the UV-NIR range (>80%) (Ibarlucea et al, 2010); (iii) biocompatibility (Munoz-Berbel et al, 2013); (iv) long-range thermo-chemical and structural stability (Xia and Whitesides, 1998); and (v) fabrication simplicity (Vila-Planas et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Ferrofluid-Based Stimuli-Responsive Elastomers

et al. 2016

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Stimuli-responsive materials undergo physicochemical and/or structural changes when a specific actuation is applied. They are heterogeneous composites, consisting of a non-responsive matrix where functionality is provided by the filler. Surprisingly, the synthesis of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based stimuli-responsive elastomers (SRE) has seldomly been presented. Here, we present the structural, biological, optical, magnetic, and mechanical properties of several magnetic SRE (M-SRE) obtained by combining PDMS and isoparafin-based ferrofluid (FF). Independently of the FF concentration, results have shown a similar aggregation level, with the nanoparticles mostly isolated (>60%). In addition to the superparamagnetic behavior, the samples show no cytotoxicity except the sample with the highest FF concentration. Spectral response shows FF concentrations where both optical readout and magnetic actuation can simultaneously be used. The Young's modulus increases with the FF concentration until the highest FF concentration is used. Our results demonstrate that PDMS can host up to 24.6% FF (corresponding to 2.8% weight of Fe3O4 nanoparticles concentration). Such M-SRE are used to define microsystems -also called soft microsystems due to the use of soft materials as main mechanical structures. In that scenario, a large displacement for relatively low magnetic fields (<0.3 T) is achieved. The herein presented M-SRE characterization can be used for a large number of disciplines where magnetic actuation can be combined with optical detection, mechanical elements, and biological samples.

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Cell analysis using a multiple internal reflection photonic lab-on-a-chip

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

A guiding light: spectroscopy on digital microfluidic devices using in-plane optical fibre waveguides

A guiding light: spectroscopy on digital microfluidic devices using in-plane optical fibre waveguides

Biofunctionalized all-polymer photonic lab on a chip with integrated solid-state light emitter

Characterization of Ferrofluid-Based Stimuli-Responsive Elastomers

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