Cell Adhesion Molecules in Normal Skin and Melanoma

D'Arcy, Cian; Kiel, Christina

doi:10.3390/biom11081213

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) has been identified as a skin cancer whose origin is the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Superficial diffusion, nodular, and malignant freckles are the three main histological types of SKCM [ 1 ]. By 2020, 4.2% of the global population suffered from SKCM [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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The dissimilarity is a major problem in clinical therapy of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Objective and reproducible classification systems may help decode SKCM heterogeneity. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to establish a stable immune molecular classification based on ferroptosis-related genes that had been acquired from FerrDb. Moreover, the prognosis, somatic mutations, immune microenvironment characteristics, functional enrichment, and clinical responsiveness to the immune checkpoint blockade of different subtypes in two independent melanin datasets were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate, multivariate, least absolute contraction, and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis were used to develop a molecular model for predicting survival, which was verified by a nomogram on the basis of independent prognostic indicators. Two molecular subtypes (C1 and C2) for SKCM were first identified according to ferroptosis-related genes; C1 showed a poor prognosis, with lower infiltration degree of immune cells and TIED score and higher homologous recombination defects, fraction altered, the number of segments, and copy number amplification and deletion. These characteristics of C2 were the opposite of C1. A ferroptosis-related prognosis risk score (FPRS) model was constructed using 6 of 463 genes with differential expression between C1 and C2. This model splits patients into low- and high-risk cohorts. There were significant differences in the infiltration and proportion of immune cells, immune checkpoint gene expression, responsiveness to immune checkpoint therapy, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic medications between low- and high-risk cohorts. This model was an independent prognostic marker for SKCM and has a high AUC. In summary, we have identified two subtypes of SKCM with different molecular and immune characteristics on the basis of ferroptosis-related genes and further developed and verified an FPRS model, which might independently serve as a prognostic marker for SKCM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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“…In many tumors, an immunosuppressive microenvironment can be attributed to the dysfunction of DCs to recognize, process, and present tumor antigens to T cells ( 86 ). The loss of CAMs in the early stage of melanoma allows the tumor cells to proliferate and intrude the dermis with the reduction of anchorage on the basement membrane and between the ambient keratinocytes ( 87 ), which allows distant metastasis in the follow-up mutations. These results illustrate that CYT regulates tumor pathogenesis by modulating various immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Molecular Therapeutic Targets and Their Potential Prognostic Biomarkers Based on Cytolytic Activity in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) attracts attention worldwide for its extremely high malignancy. A novel term cytolytic activity (CYT) has been introduced as a potential immunotherapy biomarker associated with counter-regulatory immune responses and enhanced prognosis in tumors. In this study, we extracted all datasets of SKCM patients, namely, RNA sequencing data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, conducted differential expression analysis to yield 864 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) characteristic of CYT and used non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method to classify molecular subtypes of SKCM patients. Among all genes, 14 hub genes closely related to prognosis for SKCM were finally screen out. Based on these genes, we constructed a 14-gene prognostic risk model and its robustness and strong predictive performance were further validated. Subsequently, the underlying mechanisms in tumor pathogenesis and prognosis have been defined from a number of perspectives, namely, tumor mutation burden (TMB), copy number variation (CNV), tumor microenvironment (TME), infiltrating immune cells, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Furthermore, combined with GTEx database and HPA database, the expression of genes in the model was verified at the transcriptional level and protein level, and the relative importance of genes in the model was described by random forest algorithm. In addition, the model was used to predict the difference in sensitivity of SKCM patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to better aid clinical diagnosis.

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“…The presence of C. reinhardtii cells affects the morphology of C32 cells, indicating possible mechanical changes and a weakening of interactions with the culture plate surface. Melanoma cells are known to easily transition into a migratory phenotype, having an overall lower expression of cadherins and integrins, as well as high expression of migration-promoting proteins when compared to non-cancerous tissue [ 52 ]. Cancer cells have also been shown to have a reduced amount of stress fibers when compared to non-cancerous tissue, leading to reduced stiffness and increased response to morphological changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an In Vitro 3D Model for Photosynthetic Cancer Treatment: A Study of Microalgae and Tumor Cell Interactions

Holmes

Varas

Martín

et al. 2022

IJMS

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As hypoxic tumors show resistance to several clinical treatments, photosynthetic microorganisms have been recently suggested as a promising safe alternative for oxygenating the tumor microenvironment. The relationship between organisms and the effect microalgae have on tumors is still largely unknown, evidencing the need for a simple yet representative model for studying photosynthetic tumor oxygenation in a reproducible manner. Here, we present a 3D photosynthetic tumor model composed of human melanoma cells and the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, both seeded into a collagen scaffold, which allows for the simultaneous study of both cell types. This work focuses on the biocompatibility and cellular interactions of the two cell types, as well as the study of photosynthetic oxygenation of the tumor cells. It is shown that both cell types are biocompatible with one another at cell culture conditions and that a 10:1 ratio of microalgae to cells meets the metabolic requirement of the tumor cells, producing over twice the required amount of oxygen. This 3D tumor model provides an easy-to-use in vitro resource for analyzing the effects of photosynthetically produced oxygen on a tumor microenvironment, thus opening various potential research avenues.

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Cell Adhesion Molecules in Normal Skin and Melanoma

Cited by 32 publications

References 72 publications

Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis

Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis

Identification of Novel Molecular Therapeutic Targets and Their Potential Prognostic Biomarkers Based on Cytolytic Activity in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

Towards an In Vitro 3D Model for Photosynthetic Cancer Treatment: A Study of Microalgae and Tumor Cell Interactions

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