Cell adhesion and intracellular calcium signaling in neurons

Abstract

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play indispensable roles in the developing and mature brain by regulating neuronal migration and differentiation, neurite outgrowth, axonal fasciculation, synapse formation and synaptic plasticity. CAM-mediated changes in neuronal behavior depend on a number of intracellular signaling cascades including changes in various second messengers, among which CAM-dependent changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels play a prominent role. Ca2+ is an essential secondary intracellular signaling molecule that regulates fundamental cellular functions in various cell types, including neurons. We present a systematic review of the studies reporting changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels in response to activation of the immunoglobulin superfamily CAMs, cadherins and integrins in neurons. We also analyze current experimental evidence on the Ca2+ sources and channels involved in intracellular Ca2+ increases mediated by CAMs of these families, and systematically review the role of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) in neurite outgrowth induced by activation of these CAMs. Molecular mechanisms linking CAMs to VDCCs and intracellular Ca2+ stores in neurons are discussed.

Paliperidone Protects SH-SY5Y Cells Against MK-801-Induced Neuronal Damage Through Inhibition of Ca2+ Influx and Regulation of SIRT1/miR-134 Signal Pathway

“…Calcium ion is a very important molecule which could regulate the functions of neurons such as transmitter release [28]. Previous studies demonstrate that calcium ions are transferred into cells major by voltage-gated calcium channels which participate in depolarizing signal [14,29].…”

“…Especially, paliperidone offered neuroprotective effects in recent studies. For example, paliperidone protected SH-SY5Y cells against cell death induced by β-amyloid peptide (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion [10]. In addition, paliperidone reduced the caspase-3 expression and protected SK-N-SH cells against neurotoxicity induced by dopamine [11].…”

Nanoscale membrane actuator for in vitro mechano-stimuli responsive studies of neuronal cell networks on chip

“…Mechanical properties within the microenvironment of the brain tissue affect various aspects of neuronal processes [2], such as the growth and wiring of the neurites [3,4], synapse formation [5] and brain circuits activity [6] etc. Modifying biophysical cues due to local mechanical interactions between the extracellular surrounding and the cell adhesion molecules, which can induce intracellular signalling cascades, play an important role in regulating the aforementioned neuronal processes [7].…”

The Cadherin Superfamily

“…Additionally, cadherins-11 and -13 can regulate the formation of both inhibitory and excitatory synapses ). Cadherin activation can also influence intracellular levels of calcium ions (Bixby et al 1994;Chadborn et al 2002;Marrs et al 2009;Sheng et al 2013). One of the major roles for cadherins, however, appears to be in dendritic spine morphogenesis.…”