Cell Adherence and Drug Delivery from Particle Based Mesoporous Silica Films

Abstract

Spatially and temporally controlled drug delivery is important for implant and tissue engineering applications, as the efficacy and bioavailability of the drug can be enhanced, and can also allow for drugging stem cells at different stages of development. Long-term drug delivery over weeks to months is however difficult to achieve, and coating of 3D surfaces or creating patterned surfaces is a challenge using coating techniques like spin- and dip-coating. In this study, mesoporous films consisting of SBA-15 particles grown onto silicon wafers using wet processing were evaluated as a scaffold for drug delivery. Films with various particle sizes (100 – 900 nm) and hence thicknesses were grown onto OTS-functionalized silicon wafers using a direct growth method. Precise patterning of the areas for film growth could be obtained by local removal of the OTS functionalization through laser ablation. The films were incubated with the model drug DiO, and murine myoblast cells (C2C12 cells) were seeded onto films with different particle sizes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to study the cell growth, and a vinculin-mediated adherence of C2C12 cells on all films was verified. The successful loading of DiO into the films was confirmed by UV-vis and CLSM. It was observed that the drugs did not desorb from the particles during 24 hours in cell culture. During adherent growth on the films for 4 h, small amounts of DiO and separate particles were observed inside single cells. After 24 h, a larger number of particles and a strong DiO signal were recorded in the cells, indicating a particle mediated drug uptake. A substantial amount of DiO loaded particles were however attached on the substrate after 24 making the films attractive as a long-term reservoir for drugs on e.g. medical implants.<br>

Application of metal-organic frameworks-based drug delivery for different diseases treatment

“…The main characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an excessively inflammatory response of the lungs to respiratory contaminants, mostly cigarette smoke, which results in restricted airflow. According to WHO's reports, lower respiratory tract infections and COPD are accountable for over 6 million deaths per year [3]. In addition to the pulmonary pathology, COPD is also correlated to multiple extra pulmonary side effects, including systematic inflammation, nutritional abnormalities and muscle dysfunction.…”

Functionalized Mesoporous Thin Films for Biotechnology

“…Björk and colleagues [ 54 ] produced mesoporous silica thin films from nanoparticles via direct growth method on silicon substrates pre-treated with octa-decyltrichlorosilane [ 94 ]: this approach has the advantage that it allows to grow thin films in 3D directions [ 49 ], without the need of a flat surface to produce the thin films, which is beneficial for surgical implants, e.g., The films were functionalized with –COOH groups soaking them in a 25% water solution of carboxyethylsilanetriol di-sodium salt, in order to increase its hydrophobicity. The COOH-functionalization allowed loading the mesopores with 3,3′-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), a small, yellow-fluorescent hydrophobic model drug.…”

“…Mesoporous coatings of TiO 2 and SiO 2 have been extensively studied as supports for bone tissue regeneration [ 47 , 52 , 53 ], for controlled in situ drug release, [ 54 , 55 ] or for applications in the field of orthopaedics and dental implants. It was demonstrated that the surface roughness improves eucariotic cell adhesion and growth [ 56 ], while at the same time, bacterial adhesion is reduced on mesoporous surfaces [ 57 , 58 ], making mesoporous coatings useful tools to prevent biofilm formation.…”

Size-Dependent Internalization Efficiency of Macrophages from Adsorbed Nanoparticle-Based Monolayers

“…Functional coatings based on the assembly of submicrometric or nanometric particles (NPs) are found in many applications in biomedical field. For example, it was recently proposed that NPs-based monolayers or multilayers can serve as drug delivery platforms in which physisorbed NPs are loaded with drugs for precise drug delivery and prolonged drug release [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. NPs-based coatings are particularly fragile and often need to be reinforced before use, for example, by hydrothermal treatments [ 7 , 8 ] or atomic layer deposition [ 9 ].…”