Celiac disease in the developing countries: A new and challenging public health problem

Cataldo, F

doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i15.2153

Cited by 115 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…The key role of gluten in the pathogenesis of CD has been established through epidemiological studies and the observation that CD patients enter remission when they adhere to a gluten-free diet. Saharawi 21 and Latin American 22 populations experienced an increased prevalence of CD after changing their low-gluten diets to gluten-enriched diets. We thus hypothesised that the elimination of gluten from the diet would allow for newborns to acquire intolerance against gliadin-derived peptides that exacerbate the immune responses against orally introduced gliadin and trigger enteropathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten induces coeliac-like disease in sensitised mice involving IgA, CD71 and transglutaminase 2 interactions that are prevented by probiotics

Papista

Gerakopoulos

Kourelis

et al. 2012

Laboratory Investigation

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Coeliac disease (CD) is a malabsorptive enteropathy resulting from intolerance to gluten. Environmental factors and the microbiota are suggested to have critical roles in the onset of CD. The CD71 IgA receptor on epithelial cells is responsible for abnormal retrotranscytosis of IgA-gluten peptide complexes from the intestinal lumen into the lamina propria, inducing intestinal inflammation. However, understanding the role of gluten in the CD physiopathology has been hindered by the absence of relevant animal models. Here, we generated a mouse model for CD to study the factors controlling its pathogenesis as well as to investigate the influence of oral delivery of probiotics on disease development. Gluten sensitivity was established by feeding three generations of BALB/c mice a gluten-free diet (GÀ) followed by gluten challenge (G þ ) for 30 days. The G þ mice developed villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and infiltration of T cells and macrophages in the small intestine. Inflammation was associated with an overexpression of CD71 on the apical side of enterocytes and an increase of plasma cells producing IgA, which colocalised with the CD71. Moreover, IgA colocalised with the transglutaminase 2 (TG2), the production of which was increased in the lamina propria of G þ mice. These mice displayed increased production of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), pro-inflammatory cytokines and IL-15, as well as anti-gliadin and anti-TG2 autoantibodies. The commensal flora-isolated presumptive probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii KK1 strain hydrolysed the 28-kDa a-gliadin fraction, and its oral delivery in G þ mice improved enteropathy development in association with decrease of epithelial cell CD71 expression and local cytokine production. In conclusion, the G þ BALB/c mouse represents a new mouse model for human CD based on histopathological features and expression of common biomarkers. The selected probiotic treatment reversing disease development will allow the study of the role of probiotics as a new therapeutic approach of CD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten induces coeliac-like disease in sensitised mice involving IgA, CD71 and transglutaminase 2 interactions that are prevented by probiotics

Papista

Gerakopoulos

Kourelis

et al. 2012

Laboratory Investigation

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“…These studies reveal the importance of wheat as food for human health. is nearly 3% to 5% [24,25]. The only therapy available for CD is life time exclusion of gluten from diet.…”

Section: Benefits Of Wheat Consumption As Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Analysis of Wheat as Food

Gayathri¹,

Bs²

2016

Matern Pediatr Nutr

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Wheat is one of the major cereal crops consumed worldwide. Because of its nutrient richness and fitting its consistency to prepare varieties of attractive dishes and desserts. The wheat bran is rich with fibres, anti-oxidants, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, B group Vitamins and phytonutrients. Wheat germ, the fertilized embryo contains B group vitamins, vitamin E, phytonutrients, antioxidants, and unsaturated fats. In addition, the endosperm contains majorly starchy carbohydrates, proteins and lesser amount of vitamins and minerals. In recent times, wheat consumption has been increased drastically. Although, it is beneficial to consume wheat either as whole wheat or their refined foods, some negative effects were also observed.

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“…12,13 Another aspect to be considered is that enteric infection and chronic malnutrition, which are highly frequent in Brazil and in other developing countries, can cause alterations in intestinal mucosa that are similar to those associated with celiac enteropathy. 14,15 In addition, the racial mix in Brazil is very different from that of Europe, where most studies on CD were carried out. Therefore, CD may be specific clinical and histological characteristics in the Brazilian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doença celíaca em familiares de primeiro grau de portadores

Antunes¹,

Magalhães²,

Nobre³

et al. 2010

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of celiac disease and to describe the histological alterations, clinical manifestations, and conditions associated with a group of first-degree relatives of celiac disease patients in the municipality of Recife, Northeast Brazil. Method:The study was conducted in outpatient clinics of pediatric gastroenterology located in Recife. We included in the study 174 first-degree relatives who were screened for the anti-transglutaminase IgA antibody. Those relatives who had positive serological tests were invited to undergo a small intestine biopsy (classified according to Marsh). They were also evaluated regarding weight, height, clinical symptoms and conditions associated with celiac disease. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess the differences with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results:The anti-transglutaminase IgA antibody was positive for 20.1% (34/174) of the relatives (95%CI 14.6-26.5). There was no difference in terms of positive serological tests regarding either degree of kinship or sex. Twenty-two patients underwent biopsy. Thirteen had histological alterations classified as Marsh stage 3; seven had stage 1; and two had stage zero, with a probable prevalence of 11.5%. All patients, except for one, had symptoms; the only patient with no symptoms was short. Conclusion:Celiac disease prevalence in this group of relatives was high. All new cases identified were symptomatic or had associated conditions. In this group, there was a high frequency of individuals with positive serological tests, symptoms suggestive of celiac disease, and no evidence of villous atrophy in the intestinal mucosa.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(4):331-336: Celiac disease, epidemiology, diagnosis, serology, pathology.

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Celiac disease in the developing countries: A new and challenging public health problem

Cited by 115 publications

References 68 publications

Gluten induces coeliac-like disease in sensitised mice involving IgA, CD71 and transglutaminase 2 interactions that are prevented by probiotics

Gluten induces coeliac-like disease in sensitised mice involving IgA, CD71 and transglutaminase 2 interactions that are prevented by probiotics

Critical Analysis of Wheat as Food

Doença celíaca em familiares de primeiro grau de portadores

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