Celiac disease in the COVID-19 pandemic

Samaşcă, Gabriel; Lerner, Aaron

doi:10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100120

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This COVID-19 pandemic has revealed shortcomings in the education of patients with CD, but especially those associated with T1DM or IBD, for GFD compliance. Adherence of CD patients to GFD during the COVID-19 pandemic improved their QOL and prevented unwanted complications [ 185 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac Disease and Targeting the Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in COVID Pandemic

Ailioaie

Litscher

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Celiac disease (CD) comprises over 1% of the world’s population and is a chronic multisystem immune-mediated condition manifested by digestive and/or extradigestive symptoms caused by food intake of gluten. This review looked at the risk of children diagnosed with CD developing SARS-CoV-2 infection and possible severe forms of COVID-19. A better understanding of the interaction and effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CD is very important, as is the role of environmental and genetic factors, but especially the molecular mechanisms involved in modulating intestinal permeability with impact on autoimmunity. CD inspired the testing of a zonulin antagonist for the fulminant form of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and paved the way for the discovery of new molecules to regulate the small intestine barrier function and immune responses. Original published works on COVID-19 and CD, new data and points of view have been analyzed because this dangerous virus SARS-CoV-2 is still here and yet influencing our lives. Medical science continues to focus on all uncertainties triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection and its consequences, including in CD. Although the COVID-19 pandemic seems to be gradually extinguishing, there is a wealth of information and knowledge gained over the last two years and important life lessons to analyze, as well as relevant conclusions to be drawn to deal with future pandemics. Zonulin is being studied extensively in immunoengineering as an adjuvant to improving the absorption of new drugs and oral vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac Disease and Targeting the Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in COVID Pandemic

Ailioaie

Litscher

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…This study reports immunological data on the relationship between COVID-19 and CD, using 2 distinct research approaches and including cohorts of patients/controls not yet vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Most scientific publications that evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on CD have focused on data collected through interviews or population-based analysis and have reported clinical, biochemical, and histological findings (8)(9)(10)(17)(18)(19)(20). However, to the best of our knowledge, only a few, incomplete, and conflicting laboratory data have been published on this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…celiac crisis To date, despite the potential relevance for CD clinical practice, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on CD incidence is not clear (8)(9)(10). Although COVID-19's impact has been investigated in other autoimmune diseases (11), only web-or telephone-based survey data have been reported on the frequency of COVID-19 immunity in CD patients or on the development of CD autoimmunity following COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: What Is Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Relationship Between COVID-19 and Celiac Disease. A Dual Research Approach

Tiberti,

Bonamico,

Nenna

et al. 2023

JPGN Reports

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Background: Most evidence on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has been obtained from web- or telephone-based surveys. In particular, few laboratory data, often incomplete, have been reported on the frequency of COVID-19-related serology at celiac disease (CD) diagnosis or on the effects of COVID-19 on the development of CD-specific autoimmunity. Objectives: The objective of this retrospective cross-sectional case/control study was to: (1) evaluate the frequency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in 78 children and adolescents at CD diagnosis (CD, 44 females, median age 7.4 years); (2) evaluate the frequency of IgA-anti-transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTGAbs) in 97 nonceliac patients (50 females, median age 9.0 years) who contracted SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic (February–April 2021). As a control (CTRL) group, we analyzed 141 healthy subjects (79 females, median age 9.8 years) enrolled during the pandemic. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 IgM- and IgG-antibodies were detected by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays. IgA-tTGAbs were detected by a fluid-phase radioimmunoassay. Results: Six out of 78 (7.7%) CD patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2Abs, with a frequency not significantly different from CTRL subjects (9.2%). None of the 97 nonceliac COVID-19 patients tested positive for IgA-tTG antibodies. Conclusion: These 2 distinct research approaches showed (1) similar frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 immunoreactivities in CD patients and CTRL subjects and, (2) no ability of SARS-CoV-2 to induce a CD-specific immune response, at least in the 3–4 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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“…Further, Zimmermann and Curtis suggested that HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8, which confer a genetic predisposition to CD, may be the drivers of lower responses to vaccination in CD patients [27]. Moreover, Lerner [28] stated that, while CD does not increase the likelihood of COVID-19 infection, parts of the CD population might be at high risk [29]. Zhen et al Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Lerner [ 28 ] stated that, while CD does not increase the likelihood of COVID-19 infection, parts of the CD population might be at high risk [ 29 ]. Zhen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune response to COVID-19 infection or vaccination among celiac disease patients

Albatayneh¹,

Alabdallat²,

Kreishan³

et al. 2022

cejoi

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Introduction: Celiac disease (Cd) is the most common autoimmune disease (ad) of the small intestine, affecting 1-2% of the population globally. it is characterized by the serological presence of autoantibodies (abs), tissue transglutaminase antibody (ttGa), immunoglobulin (ig) a, and igG. Production of antibodies against sars-CoV-2 after infection with the virus or vaccination is not well understood, especially among Cd patients. the goal of this study was to measure the igG antibodies in Jordanian patients infected with or vaccinated against the sars-CoV-2 virus with different types of vaccines (Pfizerbiontech bnt162b2, sinopharm bbibP-CorV or oxford-astraZeneca Chadox1-s) and compare them with the levels in non-celiac controls. igG levels induced by different vaccines were also compared.Material and methods: the data for this cross-sectional study were obtained via a survey, whereby respondents were identified through convenience sampling. the healthy controls were given Questionnaire a while Cd patients completed Questionnaire b. the blood samples from all participants were tested for the CoVid-19 nucleocapsid protein (nP) igG serum levels for participants previously infected with sars-CoV-2, and spike (s) protein (s1/s2) igG serum levels for vaccine recipients.Results: the study involved 116 individuals, 60 (51.7%) of whom were Cd patients. the nP igG serum levels in the infected and s1/s2 igG levels in the vaccinated Cd patients were significantly lower than the levels in controls (48.3 ±44.5 vs. 81.1 ±34.4 and 49 ±45.8 vs. 75.7 ±38.6, p = 0.002). moreover, only the Pfizer vaccine induced significantly more igG antibodies in controls compared to Cd patients (88.8 ±29.1 vs. 58.3 ±45.4, p = 0.01). on the other hand, the igG levels were significantly higher in Cd patients who received the Pfizer relative to the astraZeneca vaccine (58.3 ±45.5 vs. 13.0 ±23.6, p = 0.03). after adjusting for presence of Cd, age, sex, body mass index (bmi), comorbidities, vaccine type, smoking, gluten adherence, and time since infection or vaccination, sars-CoV-2 s1/s2 igG abs and/or nP igG abs positivity was significantly associated with Cd absence and negatively with vaccine type (astraZeneca) with the odds ratios (ors) of 9.6 (95% Ci = 1.5-59.2, p = 0.015) and 0.03 (95% Ci = 0.004-0.244. p = 0.001), respectively.Conclusions: We concluded that patients with Cd had lower sars-CoV-2 s1/s2 igG abs and nP igG abs levels than controls, and Cd patients who received the Pfizer vaccine had higher igG levels than patients who received the astraZeneca vaccine. We recommend that further research be conducted to address the dynamics of the antibody responses in Cd patients regarding CoVid-19 infection.

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Celiac disease in the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

Celiac Disease and Targeting the Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in COVID Pandemic

Celiac Disease and Targeting the Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in COVID Pandemic

Investigating the Relationship Between COVID-19 and Celiac Disease. A Dual Research Approach

Humoral immune response to COVID-19 infection or vaccination among celiac disease patients

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