Celecoxib as adjunctive treatment to risperidone in children with autistic disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Combination of risperidone and celecoxib was superior to risperidone alone in treating irritability, social withdrawal, and stereotypy of children with autism. (Registration, www.irct.ir ; IRCT138711091556N2).

Involvement of Neuroinflammation during Brain Development in Social Cognitive Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia

“…Similarly, microglial cells are markedly activated in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of ASD individuals (Morgan et al, 2010). Risperidone in combination with a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, showed a superior efficacy as compared with monotherapy of risperidone in a randomized doubleblind placebo-controlled clinical study in ASD children (Asadabadi et al, 2013). From these results, neuroinflammation mediated by M1 microglia appears to be associated with ASD.…”

Exploring the Potential Role of Inflammation as an Etiological Process in ASD

“…Despite encouraging preliminary clinical trials, no pharmacological agent targeting inflammation in humans has demonstrated consistent improvements in the social or communication domains characteristic of ASD. Asadabadi et al (2012) also confirmed that proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), involved in normal cell function like inflammation and immune response to stress, free radicals, and cytokines, among others, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ASD. Improper regulation of NF-κB may lead to inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, and inappropriate immune development, perhaps such as that implicated in prenatal infection during early development (Luqman and Pezzuto 2010;Patterson 2009).…”

“…Social interaction deficits and stereotypical behaviors in individuals with ASD appear to be related to polymorphisms of the MIF gene, whose pathway is thought to link MIF stimulation of spinal microglia with microglia-associated neuroinflammation. Consequently, MIF has been proposed as a possible susceptibility gene in the etiology of ASD (Asadabadi et al 2012;Grigorenko et al 2008;Wang et al 2011). …”

“…Asadabadi et al (2012) performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 40 children diagnosed with ASD. Inflammatory atypicalities or concerns were not criteria for inclusion.…”

Effects of augmentation agents in autistic disorder patients treated with risperidone: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

“…A total of 6 out of 51 randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria (n = 231, mean age = 8.25 years) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] (Table 1 Effects of augmentation agents in autistic disorder patients treated with risperidone: a systematic review and a metaanalysis…”