Ceftiofur hydrochloride affects the humoral and cellular immune response in pigs after vaccination against swine influenza and pseudorabies

Abstract

BackgroundCephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that are active against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. Beyond their antibacterial activity, they are reported to have various immunomodulatory properties. It has been shown that they reduce the secretion of cytokines as well as influence the humoral and cellular immune response.In the field conditions antibiotics are frequently administered at the same time as vaccines in pigs and, in the view of their potential immunomodulatory properties, it is important to examine their effect on the development and persistence of the post-vaccinal immune response. Ceftiofur is a very popular veterinary medicine third-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity. It has been shown that it can inhibit cytokines secretion and in this way can potentially affect host immune response. The influence of ceftiofur on the immune response has not yet been investigated in pigs. In the present study we evaluated the influence of therapeutic doses of ceftiofur hydrochloride on the post-vaccinal immune response after vaccination with two model vaccines (live and inactivated).MethodsSeventy pigs were divided into five groups: control, unvaccinated (C), control vaccinated against swine influenza (SI-V), control vaccinated against pseudorabies (PR-V), vaccinated against SI during ceftiofur administration (SI-CEF) and vaccinated against PR during ceftiofur administration (PR-CEF). Pigs from SICEF and PR-CEF groups received therapeutic dose of ceftiofur for five days. Pigs from SI-CEF, PR-CEF, SIV and PR-V groups were vaccinated against SI and PR. Antibodies to PRV were determined with the use of blocking ELISA tests (IDEXX Laboratories, USA). Humoral responses to SIV were assessed based on haemagglutination inhibition assay. T-cell response was analyzed with the use of proliferation test. The concentrations of IFN- γ and IL-4 in culture supernatant were determined with the use of ELISA kits Invitrogen Corporation, USA).ResultsThe significant delay in the development of humoral response against pseudorabies virus (PRV) as well as a significant suppression of production of antibodies against swine influenza virus (SIV) was found in pigs receiving ceftiofur hydrochloride at the time of vaccination. The cellular immune response against PRV was also significantly affected by ceftiofur. In contrast, there were no significant differences between vaccinated groups with regard to the T-cell response against SIV.From day 28 of study to day 70, the concentration of INF-γ in culture supernatants were significantly lower in group treated with ceftiofur after restimulation with PRV. While, no significant differences were observed after restimulation of PBMC with H3N2 SIV.ConclusionsThe effect of an antibiotic therapy with ceftiofur hydrochloride on the humoral and cellular post-vaccinal immune responses in pigs was investigated. Ceftiofur hydrochloride was given in therapeutic doses. The results of the present study indicate that both, humoral and cell-mediated post-vaccin...

Changes in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in pigs receiving therapeutic doses of ceftiofur and tulathromycin

“…This may have an unfavourable impact on the immune system response to infection and/or vaccination. This assumption is in accordance with the outcome of earlier studies conducted by Pomorska-Mól et al (21,22) in which therapeutic doses of ceftiofur during vaccination impaired post-vaccinal immune responses in pigs. The negative effect of ceftiofur, florfenicol, and enrofloxacin on B and T cell subsets was also found in another study on chicks, where results were similar to the present study (6).…”

“…In studies by Pomorska-Mól et al (21,22), ceftiofur hydrochloride administered in a recommended dose significantly decreased the production of specific antibodies against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and swine influenza virus (SIV). In pigs treated with ceftiofur and vaccinated at the same time against pseudorabies virus (PRV), a significant delay in the development of the humoral response as well as a reduction in the cellular immune response against PRV were observed (21).…”

Red cell alloimmunisation in patients with different types of infections

“…Finally, we cannot exclude an indirect role for Gram‐negative bacteraemia on red cell alloimmunisation due to their common association with other modulators. Indeed, suppressed mitogenic B and T lymphocyte responses were observed following administration of antibiotics, including cephalosporins, an antibiotic class frequently used in the treatment of Gram‐negative bacterial infections (Borowski et al , ; Pomorska‐Mol et al , ).…”

Effects of amoxicillin, ceftiofur, doxycycline, tiamulin and tulathromycin on pig humoral immune responses induced by erysipelas vaccination

“…However, the negative effects of DOXY and enrofloxacin on the humoral and/or cellular postvaccinal response after pseudorabies vaccination have been reported (Pomorska-Mol and others 2014, Pomorska-Mol and others 2015a). It has been also found that CEF hydrochloride applied at the same time as vaccines against pseudorabies and swine influenza (attenuated and inactivated, respectively) can negatively affect postvaccinal humoral response in pigs (Pomorska-Mol and others 2015b). …”