Cefsulodin Concentrations in Rabbit Eyes after Intravenous and Subconjunctival Administration

Mester, U; Krasemann, C; Werner, Helmut

doi:10.1159/000265184

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Pefloxacin was undetectable in the vitreous humor after sub-conjunctival administration, as is the case with other antibiotics (4,10). Thus, although pefloxacin readily crosses the bloodocular barriers when administered by the systemic route, it does not reach significant levels in the vitreous humor when administered by the subconjunctival route.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tolerability, kinetics, and efficacy of subconjunctival pefloxacin in pigmented rabbits

Marrakchi-Benjaafar

Cochereau

D’Hermies

et al. 1995

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Pefloxacin has been shown to have good intraocular penetration when given systemically. In order to extend its clinical use, we have assessed the tolerability, kinetics, and efficacy of subconjunctival pefloxacin in phakic pigmented rabbits. The tolerability of a single subconjunctival injection of pefloxacin (0.8, 1.6, 8, or 16 mg in 0.2 ml) in the right eyes of eight rabbits was evaluated by clinical and histopathological examination. The 0.8-mg dose of pefloxacin was well tolerated. The kinetics was evaluated after a single subconjunctival injection of 0.8 mg in 18 rabbits. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 12, or 18 h postinjection. Drug concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pefloxacin was found in the cornea (maximum concentration, 18.13 micrograms/ml; half-life, 3.92 h) and in the aqueous humor (maximum concentration, 3.40 micrograms/ml; half-life, 2.14 h). Pefloxacin did not penetrate into the vitreous humor by this route. The efficacy was evaluated in an experimental model of staphylococcal corneal ulcers in eight rabbits which received two subconjunctival injections of 0.8 mg of pefloxacin at 16 and 24 h after intrastromal inoculation. The results (expressed as mean log10 CFU per milliliter +/- standard deviation) showed that pefloxacin significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the bacterial counts (4.39 +/- 0.97) compared with those in control eyes (6.46 +/- 0.69). For phakic eyes, subconjunctival pefloxacin might be of value for the treatment of corneal ulcers. Further studies are required to determine its penetration into the vitreous humor of aphakic eyes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tolerability, kinetics, and efficacy of subconjunctival pefloxacin in pigmented rabbits

Marrakchi-Benjaafar

Cochereau

D’Hermies

et al. 1995

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…In the treatment of pathologic conditions of the eye, conventional systemic and local administration of drugs often does not produce satisfactory intraocular penetration (1)(2)(3)10). To obtain higher intraocular drug concentrations, a number of research and clinical studies of intravitreal drug injections through the pars plana have been done (3,6,7,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular cannula for chronic drug delivery

1985

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An intraocular cannula system for chronic drug delivery was designed and tested in rabbits. The cannula was inserted through the pars plana and the tip positioned in the vitreous cavity (distal tip) in a site close to the retinal area of interest. The cannula was stabilized by a silicone plate that was sutured to the sclera. The proximal end of the cannula was attached to a larger diameter silicone tubing which served as a connector to the reservoir for chronic drug delivery. Rabbit eyes with implanted cannulas were followed clinically and electrophysiologically for up to one and a half years. They showed almost no adverse effects as a result of the implantation and cannula patency was demonstrated by the injection of sodium fluorescein through the cannula at various times following surgery. We believe that the implanted intraocular cannula, which allows chronic drug delivery, will be a valuable asset for research and possibly clinical studies.

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An intravitreal cannula system: long-term follow-up study

Ishibashi¹,

Miki²,

Patterson³

et al. 1986

Int Ophthalmol

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An intravitreal cannula for chronic drug delivery was implanted in the eyes of two rabbits and one monkey. The rabbits were followed up for three years after surgery and the monkey was followed up for two and one-half years. Clinical observations did not reveal any adverse effects from the cannula implantation. Patency of the cannula was demonstrated by using sodium fluorescein. Histopathological studies with light and electron microscopy revealed the scar tissue around the cannula to be minimal and localized to the wound site. The optic nerve and the retina and choroid at the posterior pole did not show any abnormalities. These results suggest that this system can be used for repeated or continuous drug delivery to the vitreous over a long period of time in experimental models.

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Cefsulodin Concentrations in Rabbit Eyes after Intravenous and Subconjunctival Administration

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Tolerability, kinetics, and efficacy of subconjunctival pefloxacin in pigmented rabbits

Tolerability, kinetics, and efficacy of subconjunctival pefloxacin in pigmented rabbits

Intraocular cannula for chronic drug delivery

An intravitreal cannula system: long-term follow-up study

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