Cefpodoxime: Comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity

Knothe, H; Shah, Pramod M.; Eckardt, O.

doi:10.1007/bf01645371

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We were able to dem onstrate in this investigation that both cefu roxime and cefotiam are present in effective concentrations in salivary and neck soft tissue and in paranasal sinuses 90 min after paren teral infusion of 1.5 g (cefuroxime) or 2.0 g (cefotiam). The MIC90 against most of the agents mentioned above is slightly higher for cefuroxime than for cefotiam [13,14], but effective concentrations of cefuroxime at all tissue sites and in serum are higher too. In general, the TPI of cefuroxime is higher than that of cefotiam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Concentration of Cephalosporins in Tissues of the Head and Neck after Parenteral Infusion

Maier

Strutz²

1995

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cephalosporins are successfully used in the therapy of acute sinusitis, purulent parotitis, and lymphadenitis. Anti-infectious prophylaxis in major head and neck surgery may be performed with cephalosporins as first choice. For sufficient prophylaxis or therapy, an effective level of the antibiotic drug in the serum and tissue of the target organs is necessary. In a comparative investigation, we measured serum and tissue levels of three regions of the head and neck (parotid glands, paranasal sinuses, soft tissue of the neck) of the second-generation cephalosporins, cefuroxime and cefotiam, after a single parenteral infusion. Both antibiotics reach levels which are effective against bacteria typically causing spontaneous or postoperative infection of head and neck tissue. Effective levels of cefuroxime both at the investigated tissue sites and in serum are greater than those of cefotiam, and cefuroxime is eliminated from serum less rapidly. The pharmacologic data show that both drugs are suitable for therapy and perioperative prophylaxis of purulent head and neck infections, but various data indicate that there is an advantage in favor of cefuroxime.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At 180 min after infusion, serum levels of both antibiotics had decreased in all groups. Figure 2 shows the concentrations in serum of all surgery groups as well as the minimal inhibitory con centration (MIQ90 against bacteria typically causing head and neck infections (according to Knothe et al [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Cephalosporins in Tissues of the Head and Neck after Parenteral Infusion

Maier

Strutz²

1995

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Risk of systemic absorption and subsequent renal damage with prolonged use of neomycin (>2 weeks) [38] renders it a less attractive candidate for prolonged selective intestinal decontamination. A third-generation oral cephalosporin has the advantage of being effective against Escherichia coli [39], a known producer of glucuronidase [40], while not eliminating the anaerobes that are important for maintaining colonization resistance. A previous study demonstrated that administration of a cephalosporin decreased stool bacterial beta-glucuronidase [17] without inducing significant rates of colonization by pathogens (such as Clostridium difficile ) or resistant organisms such as VRE [17,41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose escalation of intravenous irinotecan using oral cefpodoxime: A phase I study in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors

McGregor

Stewart

Crews

et al. 2011

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Administration of an oral cephalosporin allowed advancement of the dosage of oral irinotecan. This study investigates whether administration of an oral cephalosporin increases the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of intravenous irinotecan. Procedure Irinotecan was administered intravenously on Days 1– 5 and Days 8 – 12 of a 21-day cycle with continuous oral cefpodoxime starting 2 days prior to irinotecan. Cohorts of 3 to 6 pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors were enrolled at 4 dosage levels, starting at the single-agent irinotecan MTD of 20 mg/m2/dose. Results The 17 evaluable patients received 39 courses of therapy. None of the patients treated with 20 mg/m2/dose experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). One of 6 patients treated at 30 mg/m2/dose experienced dose-limiting neutropenia. Two of 3 patients treated with 45 mg/m2/dose and 2 of 5 treated with 40 mg/m2/dose experienced dose-limiting diarrhea, with associated dehydration and anorexia. Two unconfirmed partial responses were observed after one course in a patient with Ewing sarcoma and one with paraganglioma. A child with refractory neuroblastoma had disease stabilization through 12 courses of therapy. Median (range) systemic exposure to SN-38 at the MTD (30 mg/m2/dose) was 67 ng-h/mL (36 to 111 ng-h/mL). Conclusions The MTD of intravenous irinotecan administered on a protracted schedule was increased by 50% from 20 to 30 mg/m2/dose with the addition of oral cefpodoxime. The most prominent DLT remained diarrhea. High interpatient variability in irinotecan pharmacokinetics was observed; however, SN-38 exposure at the MTD was greater than most reported exposures with the 20 mg/m2 dosage.

show abstract

“…They are β-lactamase stable and thus are more likely to be chosen as perioperative chemoprophylaxis for tonsillectomy. Table 4 shows the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC 90 %) of the cephalosporins here examined for the above mentioned germs [3,5,18,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Cefotiam and Cefuroxime Axetil for the Perioperative Short-term Prophylaxis in Tonsillectomy Patients

Müller

Böttger²,

Wichmann

2011

Arzneimittelforschung

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficacy of the perioperative short-term prophylaxis with cefotiam (CAS 66309-69-1) and cefuroxime axetil (CAS 64544-07-6) was analysed by the assessment of the pharmacological kinetics in the serum and the tonsil tissue in 50 patients with recurrent tonsillitis. Twenty-four patients received 1 g cefotiam by the intravenous route 30 min to 4 h before the tonsillectomy, and 26 patients received 250 mg cefuroxime axetil orally 1 to 6 h before the tonsillectomy. Bactericidal serum levels were reached for cefotiam up to 4 h after intravenous application and for cefuroxime axetil up to 3 h after oral application. In the tissue of the tonsil there were proved levels which were definitely above the MIC 90 (MIC = minimum inhibitory concentration) known for the clinically relevant germs for cefotiam after 30 min up to 2 h, for cefuroxime axetil after only 2 h. Considering the distribution areas, the capacity of the protein binding and the microbiological measuring methods, one can expect an efficient antibiotic coverage after an intravenous one-shot bolus injection of 1 g cefotiam from 30 min to 4 h and after oral application of 250 mg cefuroxime axetil on an empty stomach from 1 to 6 h. Because of the short duration of a tonsillectomy and the serum and tonsil tissue kinetics cefotiam and cefuroxime axetil are suitable for the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis of high-risk patients.

show abstract

Cefpodoxime: Comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Concentration of Cephalosporins in Tissues of the Head and Neck after Parenteral Infusion

Concentration of Cephalosporins in Tissues of the Head and Neck after Parenteral Infusion

Dose escalation of intravenous irinotecan using oral cefpodoxime: A phase I study in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors

Suitability of Cefotiam and Cefuroxime Axetil for the Perioperative Short-term Prophylaxis in Tonsillectomy Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About