Cefoxitin: a hospital study.

Geddes, A. M.; Schnurr, Lawrence P.; Ball, A. P.; McGhie, D; Brookes, Graham; Wise, R.; Andrews, J. M.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6069.1126

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Positive Coombs tests have been detected in 10 to 15% of patients treated with cephalosporins (9), and its detection here in a single case is not surprising. Mild and transient elevation of serum transaminase has been described frequently with cephalosporin administration in the past (5,13). Its occurrence in 10%o of patients confirms prior observations that it is infrequent.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

Clinical trial of cefonicid for treatment of skin infections

Gremillion¹,

Winn²,

Vandenbout³

1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Twenty patients with skin and soft-tissue infections were treated with parenteral cefonicid. Cultures obtained in cellulitis cases from an aspirate of a leading edge of inflammation were positive in 42% of these patients. Pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (six strains), Proteus mirabilis (one strain), and Streptococcus agalactiae. Adverse effects were pain on intramuscular injection (two patients), rash (one patient), and positive Coombs test (one patient). All side effects were mild and none required discontinuing antibiotic therapy. A single treatment failure occurred in a patient with an undrained perirectal abscess. Cefonicid may be a useful drug in the treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections. The long half-life of cefonicid (4.8 h) is a valuable advantage and may facilitate patient compliance and convenience.

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supporting

confidence: 70%

Clinical trial of cefonicid for treatment of skin infections

Gremillion¹,

Winn²,

Vandenbout³

1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Previous reports with cefuroxime (2,5,6) and with other cephalosporins (7) have suggested that higher levels may be obtained in bile from functioning gallbladders than from non-functioning gallbladders. However, the numbers have been small and d o not give significant differences on statistical analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The excretion of cefuroxime in human bile

Thomas

Dash

Burnand

et al. 1981

British Journal of Surgery

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Cefuroxime is a broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. An intravenous injection of cefuroxime 1.5 g was administered to 25 patients after induction of anaesthesia for cholecystectomy. Concentrations of antibiotic were measured and the mean levels in microgram/ml found to be: serum 120.5, common bile duct bile 42.8, gallbladder bile 5.4, gallbladder wall 39.2. The drug levels exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentrations for most organisms commonly encountered in the biliary tract. There was no difference in cefuroxime levels in bile from functioning or non-functioning gallbladders. It is suggested that the diffusion of antibiotic into and out of the inflamed gallbladder is similar to that in abscesses and in experimental tissue cages. No side effects, toxicity or wound infections occurred.

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“…Cefoxitin levels in gallbladder bile were similar to those in the common bile duct in patients with a functioning gallbladder. In contrast, those levels were substantially lower in patients without gallbladder function [54]. Cefuroxime Biliary levels are lower than simultaneous serum levels even in cases where the biliary tract is not obstructed.…”

Section: Cefoxitinmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Hansbrough and Clark [53] intravenously administered a dose of 2 g to 17 patients scheduled for cholecystectomy and produced concentrations in excess of 10 Ìg/ml in the gallbladder bile of 12 of 13 patients from samples obtained between 35 and 165 min after cefoxitin infusion. Greddes et al [54] found biliary levels of cefoxitin as much as 4-12 times higher than those in the simultaneous serum levels in 2 patients after cholecystectomy. Cefoxitin enters the gallbladder bile via the gallbladder wall in patients with cystic duct obstruction.…”

Section: Cefoxitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biliary Excretion of Antimicrobial Drugs

Karachalios

Charalabopoulos²

2002

Chemotherapy

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The development of drugs able to prevent and cure bacterial infections is one of the 20th century’s major contributions to human longevity and quality of life. Antibacterial agents are among the most commonly prescribed drugs of any kind worldwide. Used appropriately, these drugs are lifesaving. To eliminate an infection as rapidly as possible, a sufficient concentration of the drug(s) chosen must reach the site of infection. Serum/tissue concentration is a result of various parameters such as absorption, excretion, protein binding and metabolic inactivation. Biliary excretion is an important route for the elimination of some drugs and drug metabolites in humans. Thus, drugs with a high bile concentration are indicated for the treatment of gallbladder infectious diseases. We present a review of a large number of antimicrobial agents most commonly used in daily clinical practice, with regard to their biliary excretion.

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Cefoxitin: a hospital study.

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

Clinical trial of cefonicid for treatment of skin infections

Clinical trial of cefonicid for treatment of skin infections

The excretion of cefuroxime in human bile

Biliary Excretion of Antimicrobial Drugs

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