Cecropin A-induced apoptosis is regulated by ion balance and glutathione antioxidant system in<i>Candida albicans</i>

Yun, Jieun; Lee, Dong Gun

doi:10.1002/iub.1527

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“… S. aureus ), induces C. albicans apoptosis and has immune-modulatory effects on macrophages [55–57]. Cecropin A had increased in C. albicans mono-infected larvae (4.5-fold) at 6 h post-infection, but increased 10.5-fold 24 h post- S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans increases the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus during polymicrobial infection of Galleria mellonella larvae

2020

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This study detailed the responses of Galleria mellonella larvae to disseminated infection caused by co-infection with Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus . Doses of C. albicans (1×105 larva−1) and S. aureus (1×104 larva−1) were non-lethal in mono-infection but when combined significantly (P<0.05) reduced larval survival at 24, 48 and 72 h relative to larvae receiving S. aureus (2×104 larva−1) alone. Co-infected larvae displayed a significantly higher density of S. aureus larva−1 compared to larvae infected solely with S. aureus . Co-infection resulted in dissemination throughout the host and the appearance of large nodules. Co-infection of larvae with C. albicans and S. aureus (2×104 larva−1) resulted in an increase in the density of circulating haemocytes compared to that in larvae infected with only S. aureus . Proteomic analysis of co-infected larval haemolymph revealed increased abundance of proteins associated with immune responses to bacterial and fungal infection such as cecropin-A (+45.4-fold), recognition proteins [e.g. peptidoglycan-recognition protein LB (+14-fold)] and proteins associated with nodule formation [e.g. Hdd11 (+33.3-fold)]. A range of proteins were also decreased in abundance following co-infection, including apolipophorin (−62.4-fold), alpha-esterase 45 (−7.7-fold) and serine proteinase (−6.2-fold). Co-infection of larvae resulted in enhanced proliferation of S. aureus compared to mono-infection and an immune response showing many similarities to the innate immune response of mammals to infection. The utility of G. mellonella larvae for studying polymicrobial infection is highlighted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans increases the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus during polymicrobial infection of Galleria mellonella larvae

2020

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“…membrane or cell wall) and will cause osmotic imbalance and cell death as reported in C. albicans [62,63]. Like lysozyme, the α-helical cecropins and pro-peptide gloverins also target the fungal cell surface and induce apoptosis [64][65][66]. Another class of antimicrobial peptides of G. mellonella which is highly active against both yeasts and filamentous fungi [67] is the moricins.…”

Section: Step 3: Degranulation Of G Mellonella Hemocytes and The Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic analysis of the processes leading to Madurella mycetomatis grain formation in Galleria mellonella larvae

et al. 2020

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Mycetoma is a neglected chronic and granulomatous infection primarily associated with the fungal pathogen Madurella mycetomatis. Characteristic of this infection is the formation of grains. However, the processes leading to grain formation are not known. In this study, we employed a proteomic approach to characterise M. mycetomatis grain formation in Galleria mellonella larvae and map the processes leading to grain formation over time. For this, at 1 day, 3 days and 7 days post-inoculation, proteins from grains and hemolymph were extracted and analysed by label-free mass spectrometry. A total of 87, 51 and 48 M. mycetomatis proteins and 713, 997, 18 G. mellonella proteins were found in grains on day 1, 3 and 7 post-inoculation respectively. M. mycetomatis proteins were mainly involved in cellular metabolic processes and numerous enzymes were encountered. G. mellonella proteins were primarily involved in the nodulation process. The proteins identified were linked to nodulation and grain formation and four steps of grain formation were identified. The results of this proteomic approach could in the future be used to design novel strategies to interfere with mycetoma grain formation and to combat this difficult to treat infection.

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“…In this study, CGA-N12 induced accumulation of ROS in cells, and cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca 2+ homeostasis was altered by Ca 2+ influx. Ca 2+ uptake induction has also been reported for some AMPs, such as scolopendin, cecropin A, and other antileishmanial agent Allicin, which, inducing Ca 2+ influx into mitochondria, is a part of the apoptotic phenotype [ 18 , 20 , 24 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Two major apoptotic pathways have been described, namely the intrinsic pathway and the extrinsic pathway [ 19 ]. Mitochondria play a vital role in the former, which involves apoptotic factors such as cytochrome c (Cyt c ), reactive oxygen species (ROS), intra-mitochondrial calcium ion (Са 2+ ) homeostasis, and mitochondrial membrane potential [ 19 , 20 ]. Cellular ROS accumulation leads to the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) [ 16 ], which result in Cyt c leakage and a decrease in mitochondrial potential [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CGA-N12, a peptide derived from chromogranin A, promotes apoptosis of Candida tropicalis by attenuating mitochondrial functions

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2018

Biochemical Journal

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CGA-N12 (the amino acid sequence from the 65th to the 76th residue of the N-terminus of chromagranin A) is an antifungal peptide derived from human chromogranin A (CGA). In our previous investigation, CGA-N12 was found to have specific anti-candidal activity, though the mechanism of action remained unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of CGA-N12 on mitochondria. We found that CGA-N12 induced an over-generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and dissipation in mitochondrial membrane potential, in which the former plays key roles in the initiation of apoptosis and the latter is a sign of the cell apoptosis. Accordingly, we assessed the apoptosis features of Candida tropicalis cells after treatment with CGA-N12 and found the following: leakage of cytochrome c and uptake of calcium ions into mitochondria and the cytosol; metacaspase activation; and apoptotic phenotypes, such as chromatin condensation and DNA degradation. In conclusion, CGA-N12 is capable of inducing apoptosis in C. tropicalis cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and metacaspase activation. Antifungal peptide CGA-N12 from human CGA exhibits a novel apoptotic mechanism as an antifungal agent.

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Cecropin A-induced apoptosis is regulated by ion balance and glutathione antioxidant system inCandida albicans

Cited by 61 publications

References 59 publications

Candida albicans increases the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus during polymicrobial infection of Galleria mellonella larvae

Candida albicans increases the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus during polymicrobial infection of Galleria mellonella larvae

Proteomic analysis of the processes leading to Madurella mycetomatis grain formation in Galleria mellonella larvae

CGA-N12, a peptide derived from chromogranin A, promotes apoptosis of Candida tropicalis by attenuating mitochondrial functions

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