Cecal MicroRNAome response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection in White Leghorn Layer

Abstract

Background Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a food-borne pathogen and of great threat to human health through consuming the contaminated poultry products. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in different biological activities and have been shown to regulate the innate immunity in the bacterial infection. The objective of this study is to identify miRNAs associated with SE infection in laying chicken cecum.ResultsAverage number of reads of three libraries constructed from infected and non-infected chickens was 12,476,156 and 10,866,976, respectively. There were 598 miRNAs including 194 potential novel miRNAs identified in which 37 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between infected and non-infected chickens. In total, 2897 unique target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted, in which, 841 genes were uniquely regulated by up-regulated miRNAs (G1), 636 genes were uniquely regulated by down-regulated miRNAs (G2), and 1420 were co-regulated by both up and down- regulated miRNAs (G3). There were 118, 73 and 178 GO (Gene ontology) BP (Biological process) terms significantly enriched in G1, G2 and G3 groups, respectively. More immune-related GO BP terms than metabolism-related terms were found in G1. Expression of 12 immune-related genes of four differentially expressed miRNAs was detected through qRT-PCR. The regulatory direction of gga-miR-1416-5p, gga-miR-1662, and gga-miR-34a-5p were opposite with the target genes of TLR21, BCL10, TLR1LA, NOTCH2 and THBS1, respectively.ConclusionThe miRNAs contribute to the response to SE infection at the onset of egg laying through regulating the homeostasis between metabolism and immunity. The gga-miR-125b-5p, gga-miR-34a-5p, gga-miR-1416-5p and gga-miR-1662 could play an important role in SE infection through regulating their target genes. The finding herein will pave the foundation for the studies of microRNA regulation in SE infection in laying hens.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3413-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

miRNAs reshape immunity and inflammatory responses in bacterial infection

“…Another binding site enrichment analysis of miRNAs responsible for deregulated mRNAs in peripheral blood suggested that miR-143 and miR-26 might be involved in the initiation and progression of Salmonella infection in pigs 47 . In addition, miRNAs may also modulate the innate immunity involving miRNAs to S. enteritidis infection in laying chicken ceca 48 . Thus, these deregulated miRNAs may be functionally important for manipulating Salmonella-induced inflammation.…”

Splenic microRNA Expression Profiles and Integration Analyses Involved in Host Responses to Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Chickens

“…The role of miRNA in response to bacterial infection has also been investigated in chickens. Several miRNAs (gga-miR-125b-5p, gga-miR-34a-5p, gga-miR-1416-5p, and gga-miR-166) associated with SE infection were identified recently in laying chicken cecum by next generation sequencing (Wu et al, 2017 ). A novel splenic miRNA, gga-miR-429, involved in the host response to Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) was also detected by deep sequencing (Jia et al, 2017 ).…”

Chicken cecal DNA methylome alteration in the response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis inoculation

“…The circadian rhythm associated genes were not enriched following SE infection [20]. While, the circadian rhythmassociated circRNAs and miRNAs were signi cantly triggered by SE inoculation [24,55]. The methylation variation of rhythmic process-related genes was triggered in chicken following SE inoculation in the current study.…”

“…Genome-wide DNA methylation can uncover epigenetic modi cation changed with animal development, evolution and environmental adaptation [21][22][23][24][25]. DNA methylation has been reported in many species such as human [26], bovine [21], soybean [27], rat [28], rice [29] and chicken [30].…”