“…NPs, including polymer, dendrimer, lipid, extracellular vesicles, and inorganic nanoparticles, have been designed to deliver APIs to microglia in many different CNS disorders and studied in various models, including autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, neuropathic pain, SCI, Alzheimer’s, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), TBI, retinal degeneration, Rett syndrome, and stroke ( Iezzi et al, 2012 ; Sharma et al, 2017 , 2020 ; Ganbold et al, 2020 ; Khoury et al, 2020 ; Liao et al, 2020 ; Gao et al, 2021 ; Kim et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; He et al, 2022 ; Sepasi et al, 2023 ) ( Table 1 ). API payloads range from small molecule drugs to proteins, peptides, and siRNA ( Lee et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Hernando et al, 2022 ; Zhang M. et al, 2023 ).…”