Cdc42 - the centre of polarity

Etienne-Manneville, Sandrine

doi:10.1242/jcs.01115

Cited by 683 publications

(670 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…To investigate our hypothesis that the polarized regulation of Rho GTPases by p120 catenin d1 is necessary during gastrulation, we examined the ability of various forms of Cdc42 to rescue the d1 splice-MO phenotype. Cdc42 is a small (191 amino acids) member of the Rho GTPases that is crucial for the formation of filopodia along the leading edge of migrating vertebrate cells (Etienne-Manneville and Hall, 2001;Choi and Han, 2003;Etienne-Manneville, 2004, 2008Yang Developmental Dynamics Fig. 5.…”

Section: Defects From Knockdown Of P120 Catenin D1 Persist In Later-smentioning

confidence: 99%

Cdc42 GTPase and Rac1 GTPase act downstream of p120 catenin and require GTP exchange during gastrulation of zebrafish mesoderm

Hsu

Muerdter

Knickerbocker

et al. 2012

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: We investigated the roles of p120 catenin, Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA GTPases in regulating migration of presomitic mesoderm cells in zebrafish embryos. p120 catenin has dual roles: It binds the intracellular and juxtamembrane region of cadherins to stabilize cadherin-mediated adhesion with the aid of RhoA GTPase, and it activates Cdc42 GTPase and Rac1 GTPase in the cytosol to initiate cell motility. Results: During gastrulation of zebrafish embryos, knockdown of the synthesis of zygotic p120 catenind1 mRNAs with a splice-site morpholino caused lateral widening and anterior-posterior shortening of the presomitic mesoderm and somites and a shortened anterior-posterior axis. These phenotypes indicate a cell-migration effect. Co-injection of low amounts of wild-type Cdc42 or wild-type Rac1 or dominant-negative RhoA mRNAs, but not constitutively-active Cdc42 mRNA, rescued these p120 catenin d1-depleted embryos. Conclusions: These downstream small GTPases require appropriate spatiotemporal stimulation or cycling of GTP to guide mesodermal cell migration. A delicate balance of Rho GTPases and p120 catenin underlies normal development. Developmental Dynamics 241:1545-1561, 2012. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals Inc.Key words: p120 Catenin (CTNND1); ARVCF; Delta-catenin (CTNND2b); Cdc42 GTPase; Rac1 GTPase, RhoA GTPase; gastrulation; presomitic mesoderm; somites; zebrafish Key findings p120 catetin is required for extension of the dorsal axis and normal migration of the presomitic mesoderm. Cdc42 and Rac1 GTPases are downstream of p120 catenin d1 signaling and require exchange of GTP for GDP. Local stimulation of the exchange of GTP for GDP in Cdc42 and Rac GTPases mediates directional migration of the presomitic mesoderm. A balance of the amount of p120 catenin d1 and localized activation or turnover of Cdc42, Rac1, and Rho GTPase are required for normal zebrafish cell migration. Accepted 31 July 2012 Developmental DynamicsABBREVIATIONS Ab antibody ARVCF armadillo repeat gene deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome CA constitutively active Chr chromosome C(t) relative amount of RT-PCR product hpf hours post-fertilization DN dominant negative d1 splice-MO antisense morpholino oligonucleotide to the 12 th splice site of zebrafish p120 catenin d1 p120 catenin d1 (CTNND1) also called p120 catenin, Xenopus p120 catenin is a CTNND1 p120 catenin d2b (CTNND2b) also called Delta-catenin Rok1 Rho kinase1 RT reverse transcriptase minus-RT controls without reverse transcriptase qRT-PCR quantitative real-time PCR WT wild-type Xp120 catenin mRNA Xenopus p120 catenin d1 mRNA.Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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Section: Defects From Knockdown Of P120 Catenin D1 Persist In Later-smentioning

confidence: 99%

Cdc42 GTPase and Rac1 GTPase act downstream of p120 catenin and require GTP exchange during gastrulation of zebrafish mesoderm

Hsu

Muerdter

Knickerbocker

et al. 2012

Developmental Dynamics

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“…The triggering of chemotactic movement, in general, takes place through Cdc42 activation (Etienne-Manneville, 2004). But for a cell to retain its sensitivity to external signals, it is essential that an increase in Cdc42 activation would not lead to loss of polarity to transients.…”

Section: Establishment Of Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization and Movement of Keratocytes: A Multiscale Modelling Approach

et al. 2006

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“…The Rho family of small GTPases, including Cdc42 and Rac1, mediate the necessary forces for changes of polarity, motility, and structural stability of the cell (Etienne-Manneville, 2004). It has been shown recently in chick that when Cdc42 is overexpressed in the PSM, cells remain mesenchymal (Nakaya et al, 2004).…”

Section: Targeting Somite Epithelializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

From segment to somite: Segmentation to epithelialization analyzed within quantitative frameworks

Kulesa

Schnell

Rudloff

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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One of the most visually striking patterns in the early developing embryo is somite segmentation. Somites form as repeated, periodic structures in pairs along nearly the entire caudal vertebrate axis. The morphological process involves short-and long-range signals that drive cell rearrangements and cell shaping to create discrete, epithelialized segments. Key to developing novel strategies to prevent somite birth defects that involve axial bone and skeletal muscle development is understanding how the molecular choreography is coordinated across multiple spatial scales and in a repeating temporal manner. Mathematical models have emerged as useful tools to integrate spatiotemporal data and simulate model mechanisms to provide unique insights into somite pattern formation. In this short review, we present two quantitative frameworks that address the morphogenesis from segment to somite and discuss recent data of segmentation and epithelialization.

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Cdc42 - the centre of polarity

Cited by 683 publications

References 105 publications

Cdc42 GTPase and Rac1 GTPase act downstream of p120 catenin and require GTP exchange during gastrulation of zebrafish mesoderm

Cdc42 GTPase and Rac1 GTPase act downstream of p120 catenin and require GTP exchange during gastrulation of zebrafish mesoderm

Polarization and Movement of Keratocytes: A Multiscale Modelling Approach

From segment to somite: Segmentation to epithelialization analyzed within quantitative frameworks

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