CD98 as a novel prognostic indicator for patients with stage III/IV hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

CD98 is a promising prognostic marker for predicting outcomes after surgical treatment in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal SCC.

Expression of amino acid transporters (LAT1, ASCT2 and xCT) as clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Previous reports showed that the patients with more than 10% or 25% of tumor area stained were defined as positive or high expression. 5,14,17 There is a discrepancy between the present study and previous reports in this regard, but the cut-off value of LAT1 could be appropriately adjusted according to the expression status in the different types of neoplasm.…”

“…In patients with HCC, LAT1 could be an indicator for predicting worse outcome, but 4F2hc was not identified as a significant prognostic indicator. In the other neoplasms, however, 4F2hc has been described to be an independent prognostic marker, and the expression of 4F2hc is closely related to poor outcome in patients with advanced stage rather than in those with early stage . It has been thought that the roles of 4F2hc in cancer are closely related to the functions of amino acid transport and integrin signaling, promoting tumor growth and metastasis .…”

“…In the other neoplasms, however, 4F2hc has been described to be an independent prognostic marker, and the expression of 4F2hc is closely related to poor outcome in patients with advanced stage rather than in those with early stage. 17,18 It has been thought that the roles of 4F2hc in cancer are closely related to the functions of amino acid transport and integrin signaling, promoting tumor growth and metastasis. 19 In patients with HCC, 4F2hc may play a supportive role in the expression of LAT1 and an aggressive malignant feature is developed by the cooperative expression with LAT1 and 4F2hc.…”

Prognostic significance of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression in cutaneous melanoma

“…Immunohistochemical staining LAT1 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining with an anti-human LAT1 antibody (1.6 mg/ml, anti-human monoclonal mouse IgG 1 , KM3149; Kyowa Hakko Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan; dilution of 1 : 800) [23]. The production and characterization of the LAT1 antibody have been described previously [19].…”

“…The roles of CD98 in cancer have been assumed to be significantly related to the functions of amino acid transport and integrin signaling, which promote tumor growth and metastasis [22]. In previous reports, CD98 was highly expressed in the tumor tissues and identified as a significant prognostic marker to predict poor prognosis [21,23]. However, it remains unknown whether or not LAT1 and CD98 expression have a clinical and pathological significance in cutaneous melanoma.…”