CD9-positive Exosomes Derived from Cancer-associated Fibroblasts Might Inhibit the Proliferation of Malignant Melanoma Cells

Fujii, Naho; Yashiro, Masakazu; Hatano, Takaharu; Fujikawa, Heishiro; Motomura, Hisashi

doi:10.21873/anticanres.16130

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Surprisingly, CD9-positive exosomes can inhibit the proliferation of malignant melanoma. This study also highlighted that patients with CD9-positive exosomes showed longer five-year survival rates [ 194 ]. Evidence from recent studies has also demonstrated that CAF can remarkably improve drug sensitivity.…”

Section: Background Knowledge Of Cafsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

Zhang,

Yue,

Chen

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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Despite centuries since the discovery and study of cancer, cancer is still a lethal and intractable health issue worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained much attention as a pivotal component of the tumor microenvironment. The versatility and sophisticated mechanisms of CAFs in facilitating cancer progression have been elucidated extensively, including promoting cancer angiogenesis and metastasis, inducing drug resistance, reshaping the extracellular matrix, and developing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Owing to their robust tumor-promoting function, CAFs are considered a promising target for oncotherapy. However, CAFs are a highly heterogeneous group of cells. Some subpopulations exert an inhibitory role in tumor growth, which implies that CAF-targeting approaches must be more precise and individualized. This review comprehensively summarize the origin, phenotypical, and functional heterogeneity of CAFs. More importantly, we underscore advances in strategies and clinical trials to target CAF in various cancers, and we also summarize progressions of CAF in cancer immunotherapy.

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Section: Background Knowledge Of Cafsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

Zhang,

Yue,

Chen

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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“…Recent data showed that CAF-released EVs enriched CD9 and CD63, and inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells remarkably. The patients with CAF-derived CD9-positive EVs displayed a better five-year disease-free survival than patients with CD9-negative, indicating that CD9 expression in CAFs-EVs is a favorable prognostic marker for malignant melanoma patients (25). Furthermore, to develop novel targeted drugs depending on this type of EVs may be beneficial for the clinical treatment of melanoma patients.…”

Section: Crosstalk Between Evs and Stromal Cells In Melanomamentioning

confidence: 96%

The extracellular vesicles targeting tumor microenvironment: a promising therapeutic strategy for melanoma

Liu

2023

Front. Immunol.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles secreted by numerous cell types and circulate in almost all body fluids, acting as crucial messengers for cell-to-cell communication. EVs involves multiple physiological and pathological processes, including tumor progression, via their multiple cargoes. Therefore, EVs have become attractive candidates for the treatment of tumor, including melanoma. Notably, due to the crucial role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in promoting tumor malignant phenotype, and the close intercellular communication in TME, EVs-based therapy by targeting TME has become a cutting-edge and prospective strategy for inhibiting melanoma progression and strengthening the anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the role of therapeutic EVs, which target the components of TME in melanoma, thereby providing insights into these promising clinical strategies for the treatment of melanoma patients.

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“…Tumor-derived exosomal CD47 inhibits the phagocytic effects of macrophages by interacting with signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) on phagocytes [ 70 ]. Exosomal CD9 of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) suppresses the proliferation of melanoma cells [ 71 ].…”

Section: Roles Of Exosomes and Exosomal Proteins In Cellular Interact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above reports indicate that exosomal proteins can mediate cellular interactions among cancer cells, immune cells, and stromal cells. Table 1 [ 17 , 46 , 61 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ] and Figure 2 detail the roles played by exosomes and exosomal proteins in various life processes, such as cellular interactions, antitumor immune responses, and cancer cell proliferation. To better understand the mechanisms of cellular interactions mediated by these exosomal proteins, it is necessary to identify the targets of these exosomal proteins.…”

Section: Roles Of Exosomes and Exosomal Proteins In Cellular Interact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer

Shim

Jeoung

2023

Pharmaceutics

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Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles produced by all cells, and they are present in various body fluids. Exosomes play crucial roles in tumor initiation/progression, immune suppression, immune surveillance, metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and the polarization of macrophages. In this work, we summarize the mechanisms of exosome biogenesis and secretion. Since exosomes may be increased in the cancer cells and body fluids of cancer patients, exosomes and exosomal contents can be used as cancer diagnostic and prognostic markers. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These exosomal contents can be transferred into recipient cells. Therefore, this work details the roles of exosomes and exosomal contents in intercellular communications. Since exosomes mediate cellular interactions, exosomes can be targeted for developing anticancer therapy. This review summarizes current studies on the effects of exosomal inhibitors on cancer initiation and progression. Since exosomal contents can be transferred, exosomes can be modified to deliver molecular cargo such as anticancer drugs, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and micro RNAs (miRNAs). Thus, we also summarize recent advances in developing exosomes as drug delivery platforms. Exosomes display low toxicity, biodegradability, and efficient tissue targeting, which make them reliable delivery vehicles. We discuss the applications and challenges of exosomes as delivery vehicles in tumors, along with the clinical values of exosomes. In this review, we aim to highlight the biogenesis, functions, and diagnostic and therapeutic implications of exosomes in cancer.

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CD9-positive Exosomes Derived from Cancer-associated Fibroblasts Might Inhibit the Proliferation of Malignant Melanoma Cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

The extracellular vesicles targeting tumor microenvironment: a promising therapeutic strategy for melanoma

Exosomes: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer

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