CD44 expression is a feature of prostatic small cell Carcinoma and Distinguishes it from its Mimickers

Simon, Rebecca; Sant'Agnese, Paul A. di; Huang, Li‐Shan; Xu, Haodong; Yao, Jorge L.; Yang, Qi; Liang, Sharon X.; Liu, Jinsong; Yu, Rena; Liu, Cheng; Oh, William K.; Palapattu, Ganesh S.; Wei, Jian‐Jun; Huang, Jiaoti

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2008.07.014

Cited by 68 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This event results in the loss of a growth suppressing mechanism and in the hyper-proliferation of NE cells in SmCC [41]. Furthermore, strong and diffuse membrane staining for CD44, a cell-surface molecule proposed to identify cancer stem/progenitor cells in prostate cancer, has been shown in 100% of the prostatic SmCC, whereas in usual prostatic adenocarcinomas only rare positive scattered tumor cells are CD44 positive [42].…”

Section: Novel Morphologic Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: Novel morphological insights and future therapeutic perspectives

Santoni

Conti

Burattini

et al. 2014

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer

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Section: Novel Morphologic Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: Novel morphological insights and future therapeutic perspectives

Santoni

Conti

Burattini

et al. 2014

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer

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“…One caveat is that conventional adenocarcinomas, up to 100% in some studies, may focally express these same markers, reinforcing the need for careful morphologic evaluation by the pathologist (5,15,16). More recent discoveries have suggested that prostatic specific membrane antigen (PSMA), CD44 and protein (P501S) may help with indentifying neuroendocrine expression in tumors (7,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostatic carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation diagnosed in needle biopsies, a morphologic study of 7 cases among 465 sequential biopsies in a tertiary cancer center

et al. 2011

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Purpose: Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) of the prostate are rare, with only a few series hitherto reported. The objective of this study was to assess in a single institution the clinical and morphologic characteristics of neuroendocrine carcinomas diagnosed in needle core biopsies. Materials and Methods:The current study analyses seven cases diagnosed in needle biopsies at a large tertiary regional cancer center from Northeastern Brazil. Two pathologists reviewed specimens retrospectively, and demographic and morphologic characteristics were compared to 458 acinar tumors diagnosed in the same period. Results: There were five small cell carcinomas and two low-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (carcinoid). NEC were associated with an acinar component in 5/7 cases and the Gleason score of the acinar component was always > 6. The number of cores involved in prostates with NEC was greater (65% compared to 24% of acinar tumors, p < 0.05). The mean PSA at diagnosis was 417.7 (range 5.7-1593, SD 218.3), compared to 100.5 (p = 0.1) of acinar tumors (range 0.3-8545, SD 22.7). Prostates harboring NEC were bigger (p < 0.001, mean volume 240 mL vs. 53 mL of acinar tumors). Treatment of NEC included palliative surgery, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Conclusions: NEC of the prostate is rare and often associated with a high-grade acinar component. Prostates with NEC tend to be larger and involve a greater number of cores than acinar tumors. PSA at diagnosis does not seem to predict the presence of NE tumors in needle biopsy.

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“…The metastatic lesion showed positive reaction for CD44. According to Simon et al CD44 is highly specific for prostate small cell carcinoma, differentiating it from other similar prostatic or extraprostatic lesions (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Dedifferentiation of a Prostate Adenocarcinoma after Hormonal Treatment - A Case Study

Dema¹

2011

Acta Endo (Buc)

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Background. The concept of NE differentiation in prostate carcinoma has two major aspects: prostate tumors with primary NE differentiation and NE differentiation occurred during hormonal therapy for prostate adenocarcinoma, with the extreme case of tumor dedifferentiation into a NE hormone resistant carcinoma.Material and method. The patient, 62 years old, with a history of poorly differentiated prostate adenocarcinoma, hormonally treated with the decrease and then constant maintenance of serum PSA level to 0.01 ng/mL was admitted in the hospital, 8 years after prostate tumor diagnosis, and 3 years after ceasing of hormone therapy, with multiple bone and liver metastases of unknown primary source.Results. The serum levels of CgA, NSE, CEA, CA19.9, serotonin were elevated. The histopathological examination of the needle biopsy fragment from a liver metastatic lesion revealed small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Despite the prompt chemotherapy, the disease has progressed, with the occurrence of brain metastases and the patient's death 6 months after detection of the metastatic disease.Conclusions. The present case confirms the diagnostic difficulties in llymetastatic undifferentiated small cells tumors, and on the other hand, draws attention to the possibility of NE dedifferentiation as a result of hormone deprivation in patients with prostate cancer.

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CD44 expression is a feature of prostatic small cell Carcinoma and Distinguishes it from its Mimickers

Cited by 68 publications

References 37 publications

Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: Novel morphological insights and future therapeutic perspectives

Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: Novel morphological insights and future therapeutic perspectives

Prostatic carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation diagnosed in needle biopsies, a morphologic study of 7 cases among 465 sequential biopsies in a tertiary cancer center

Neuroendocrine Dedifferentiation of a Prostate Adenocarcinoma after Hormonal Treatment - A Case Study

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