CD43 and CD49d from the B‐Cell Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders Diagnostic Panel Are Useful to Detect Erythroid Dysplasia

Abstract

BackgroundDespite bone marrow (BM) immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has progressively been recognized as an important tool for the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the sparse knowledge about normal erythroid maturation and the lack of markers for erythroid characterization is a major shortcoming.MethodsHere, we analyzed the expression of CD43 and CD49d, two markers included in the diagnostic panel for B‐cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B‐CLPD), in the CD34+ compartment of normal BM and along the normal and dysplastic erythroid maturation. For this, 13 normal BM aspirates and 18 BM aspirates from MDS patients were studied by flow cytometry.ResultsNormal BM presented a higher expression of CD43 and CD49d among CD34+ erythroid precursors, compared to CD34+ cells committed to the remaining hematopoietic cell lineages. CD43 expression progressively decreased along the normal erythroid maturation, whereas CD49d levels increased from Stage I to Stage II, were maintained in Stages II and III, and then decreased until the last stage of maturation. In MDS, the expression of CD43 and CD49d followed a similar pattern, but with decreased expression levels for both markers, observed in all erythroid maturation stages (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results point to the usefulness of CD43 and CD49d, two markers commonly present in B‐CLPD diagnosis panels, in the identification of dysplastic phenotypic features in the erythroid lineage. This allows a feasible and inexpensive way to identify patients who would benefit from a more extensive study to evaluate the presence of MDS, during the processing of suspected B‐CLPD samples. © 2019 International Clinical Cytometry Society

Immunophenotypical profiling of myeloid neoplasms with erythroid predominance using mass cytometry (CyTOF)

“…As expected, expression of erythroid markers CD235a, CD71, and CD238 was exclusive to AEL erythroid blasts and NBM erythroblasts (Figure 2A). AEL erythroid blasts showed significantly decreased percentages of cells expressing CD49d ( p = 0.0012), CD36 ( p = 0.0306), CD71 ( p < 0.0001) and CD235a ( p < 0.0001) compared to erythroblasts from NBM (Figure 2A, Table S4), a phenomenon previously described in MDS (Delforge et al, 2005; Oliveira et al, 2019). Interestingly, some AEL patients (AEL #1, #2, #3, #4 and #8) showed aberrant expression of CD64 ranging between 2% and 99%, a targetable myeloid marker, on erythroblasts (Table S4).…”

“…(p < 0.0001) and CD235a (p < 0.0001) compared to erythroblasts from NBM (Figure 2A, Table S4), a phenomenon previously described in MDS (Delforge et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2019). Interestingly, some AEL patients (AEL #1, #2, #3, #4 and #8) showed aberrant expression of CD64 ranging between 2% and 99%, a targetable myeloid marker, on erythroblasts (Table S4).…”

Multiparameter flow cytometry in the evaluation of myelodysplasia: Analytical issues

“…Additional markers may support the identification of dysplastic features and hence, the separation between MDS and cytopenic controls. Other markers that have been reported to be informative in assessing MDS‐related erythroid dysplasia are CD35, CD44, CD43, CD49d, and the major coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR) (Bauer et al, 2014 ; Laranjeira et al, 2015 ; Machherndl‐Spandl et al, 2013 ; Oliveira et al, 2019 ). However, these findings have not yet been validated in multiple centers.…”

Issue Highlights—July 2022

“…This prospective analysis included 791 samples from PCPD using CD38, CD138, CD45, CD19, CD56, CD27, CD81, CD117, Cy‐kappa, and Cy‐lambda markers. The role played by these immunological markers in discriminating normal and aberrant plasma cells (NPC and APC, respectively) has been discussed, providing further insights into plasma cell characterization through the artificial eyes of flow cytometry (Das et al, 2022; Jevremovic & Olteanu, 2019; Mestrum et al, 2020; Oliveira et al, 2019; Zannetti et al, 2020; Zannetti et al, 2021).…”

“…This prospective analysis included 791 samples from PCPD using CD38, CD138, CD45, CD19, CD56, CD27, CD81, CD117, Cy-kappa, and Cy-lambda markers. The role played by these immunological markers in discriminating normal and aberrant plasma cells (NPC and APC, respectively) has been discussed, providing further insights into plasma cell characterization through the artificial eyes of flow cytometry (Das et al, 2022;Jevremovic & Olteanu, 2019;Mestrum et al, 2020;Oliveira et al, 2019;Zannetti et al, 2020;Zannetti et al, 2021). Based on these findings, authors have concluded that CD200 is commonly expressed on circulating Sezary cells, a feature that can potentially improve the diagnostic capacity of flow cytometry for the assessment of T-cell neoplasms (Guitart, 2020;Horna et al, 2020;Lyapichev et al, 2020;Shameli & Roshan, 2022).…”