CD4+CD8+ human small intestinal T cells are decreased in coeliac patients, with CD8 expression downregulated on intra-epithelial T cells in the active disease

Carton, Janet; Byrne, Brendan; Madrigal-Estebas, Laura; O’Donoghue, Diarmuid; O’Farrelly, Cliona

doi:10.1097/00042737-200410000-00003

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Another indication that the reconstitution of the gut in BLT mice is indeed reflective of the human gut is the presence of CD8 single positive T cells in the lamina propria that expressed both the CD8α and CD8β chains which is in contrast with the exclusive expression of the CD8α chain in the double positive T cells also found in the lamina propria (Sun et al, 2007). All of these observations are fully consistent with what has been described for human gut (Abuzakouk et al, 1998; Carton et al, 2004). …”

Section: Early Descriptions Of Gut Reconstitution In Humanized Micesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, they demonstrated substantial numbers of lamina propria (LP) and intraepithelial (IE) CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+CD8+ T cells in the small and large intestines (Sun et al, 2007). The presence of double positive T cells is characteristic of this human tissue (Carton et al, 2004) and is an indicator of its faithful reconstitution in BLT mice. Also of note is the fact that the human intestinal T cells present in BLT mice display a memory phenotype as is observed in the human gut (Sun et al, 2007).…”

Section: Early Descriptions Of Gut Reconstitution In Humanized Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of BLT humanized mice to investigate the immune reconstitution of the gastrointestinal tract

Wahl

García

2014

Journal of Immunological Methods

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The gastrointestinal (GI) track represents an important battlefield where pathogens first try to gain entry into a host. It is also a universe where highly diverse and ever changing inhabitants co-exist in an exceptional equilibrium without parallel in any other organ system of the body. The gut as an organ has its own well-developed and fully functional immune organization that is similar and yet different in many important ways to the rest of the immune system. Both a compromised and an overactive immune system in the gut can have dire and severe consequences to human health. It has therefore been of great interest to develop animal models that recapitulate key aspects of the human condition to better understand the interplay of the host immune system with its friends and its foes. However, reconstitution of the GI tract in humanized mice has been difficult and highly variable in different systems. A better molecular understanding of the development of the gut immune system in mice has provided critical cues that have been recently used to develop novel humanized mouse models that fully recapitulate the genesis and key functions of the gut immune system of humans. Of particular interest is the presence of human gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) aggregates in the gut of NOD/SCID BLT humanized mice that demonstrate the faithful development of bona fide human plasma cells capable of migrating to the lamina propria and producing human IgA1 and IgA2.

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Section: Early Descriptions Of Gut Reconstitution In Humanized Micesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Early Descriptions Of Gut Reconstitution In Humanized Micementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of BLT humanized mice to investigate the immune reconstitution of the gastrointestinal tract

Wahl

García

2014

Journal of Immunological Methods

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“…This grading avoids much subjectivity to the report 6 and implies that the intraepithelial lymphocyte number in CD is a function of the villous/crypt ratio (Tables 2 and 3), a concept reported several years ago and sustained more recently. 4,[7][8][9][10] The precise site of the duodenal biopsies was named as proximal for the first and second parts and distal for the third and fourth ones. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in Children Without Clinical Evidence of Malabsorption

Drut

Rúa

2007

Int J Surg Pathol

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Diverse clinical and pathologic experiences seem to have led to the idea that celiac disease is a spectrum in both categories. Conflicting results emerging from different reports have produced a large amount of confusion on the subject. This article discussed histopathology findings in 10 children with positive autoantibodies for celiac disease but without clinical evidence of malabsorption. The patients were evaluated following a detailed video-endoscopic study sampling the proximal (first and second) and distal (third and fourth) duodenal parts separately and processed apart. The procedure consistently revealed advanced villous atrophy in the proximal duodenal mucosa associated with mild to absent involvement of the distal segments. The data here presented favor the interpretation that (1) the presence of autoantibodies for celiac disease is always associated with mucosal damage, (2) mucosal damage in the absence of malabsorption is always evident in the proximal duodenum, and (3) the mucosal biopsy in search for the telltale damage needs to be done in separate samples of proximal and distal duodenal mucosa. This procedure may result in a better understanding of the dynamics of mucosal damage in celiac disease.

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“…An important part of these studies was the demonstration of lamina propria (LP) and intraepithelial (IE) CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+CD8+ T cells in the small and large intestines [39]. Indicators of the faithful reconstitution of the GI tract in BLT mice were 1) the fact that the human intestinal T cells present in BLT mice display a memory phenotype, 2) the presence of double positive T cells, a feature that is characteristic in human tissue, and 3) the presence of CD8 single positive T cells in the lamina propria that expressed both the CD8α and CD8β chains which is in contrast with the exclusive expression of the CD8α chain in CD4+CD8+ T cells also found in the lamina propria [39,54,55]. …”

Section: The Gi Tract Of Humanized Mice Rectal Transmission Hiv Prementioning

confidence: 99%

Humanized mice for HIV and AIDS research

García

2016

Current Opinion in Virology

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HIV has a very limited species tropism that prevents the use of most conventional small animal models for AIDS research. The in vivo analysis of HIV/AIDS has benefited extensively from novel chimeric animal models that accurately recapitulate key aspects of the human condition. Specifically, immunodeficient mice that are systemically repopulated with human hematolymphoid cells offer a viable alternative for the study of a multitude of highly relevant aspects of HIV replication, pathogenesis, therapy, transmission, prevention, and eradication. This article summarizes some of the multiple contributions that humanized mouse models of HIV infection have made to the field of AIDS research. These models have proven to be highly informative and hold great potential for accelerating multiple aspects of HIV research in the future.

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CD4+CD8+ human small intestinal T cells are decreased in coeliac patients, with CD8 expression downregulated on intra-epithelial T cells in the active disease

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

The use of BLT humanized mice to investigate the immune reconstitution of the gastrointestinal tract

The use of BLT humanized mice to investigate the immune reconstitution of the gastrointestinal tract

Histopathologic Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in Children Without Clinical Evidence of Malabsorption

Humanized mice for HIV and AIDS research

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