CD38: From Positive to Negative Expression after Daratumumab Treatment

Patiño-Escobar, Bonell; Ramos, Roberto Rudge; Linares, Maximo; Mejia, Angie; Alcalá, Sebastián

doi:10.7759/cureus.7627

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…After chemotherapy for a nasal tumor, the CD38 marker may become negative. These chemicals may have caused B-cell surface antigen damage, IgG disruption, similar to the case report of Patiño-Escobar B [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

CD38 – Negative Anaplastic Plasma Cell Myeloma: A Rare Case Report

Vinh¹,

Anh²

2022

Cureus

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CD38 is a glycoprotein that is highly and uniformly expressed in plasma cells in multiple myeloma. A panel of CD38 and CD138/CD19/CD45/CD56/CD117 markers is considered the immunophenotypic diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma. Expression of the CD38 marker may fade or weaken compared with the CD138 marker in plasma cells after chemotherapy treatment. Herein we present a rare case of CD38-negative multiple myeloma that was initially misdiagnosed as acute leukemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

CD38 – Negative Anaplastic Plasma Cell Myeloma: A Rare Case Report

Vinh¹,

Anh²

2022

Cureus

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“…High CD38 expression results in rapid depletion of NK cells after the daratumumab course (anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody), largely eliminating the source of innate immune cells, which could drive even more complete tumor eradication [ 115 , 116 ]. It can be applied as a monotherapy or in combination with proteasome inhibitors (PIs), e.g., bortezomib) with immunomodulatory drugs (IMIDs, e.g., lenalidomide, pomalidomide) [ 117 ]. The treatment with anti-CD38 medicaments is still optimizing and being improved in the clinical trials.…”

Section: Cd38 In Hematological Neoplasms and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting CD38 in Neoplasms and Non-Cancer Diseases

Szlasa

Czarny

Sauer

et al. 2022

Cancers

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CD38 is a myeloid antigen present both on the cell membrane and in the intracellular compartment of the cell. Its occurrence is often enhanced in cancer cells, thus making it a potential target in anticancer therapy. Daratumumab and isatuximab already received FDA approval, and novel agents such as MOR202, TAK079 and TNB-738 undergo clinical trials. Also, novel therapeutics such as SAR442085 aim to outrank the older antibodies against CD38. Multiple myeloma and immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis may be effectively treated with anti-CD38 immunotherapy. Its role in other hematological malignancies is also important concerning both diagnostic process and potential treatment in the future. Aside from the hematological malignancies, CD38 remains a potential target in gastrointestinal, neurological and pulmonary system disorders. Due to the strong interaction of CD38 with TCR and CD16 on T cells, it may also serve as the biomarker in transplant rejection in renal transplant patients. Besides, CD38 finds its role outside oncology in systemic lupus erythematosus and collagen-induced arthritis. CD38 plays an important role in viral infections, including AIDS and COVID-19. Most of the undergoing clinical trials focus on the use of anti-CD38 antibodies in the therapy of multiple myeloma, CD19- B-cell malignancies, and NK cell lymphomas. This review focuses on targeting CD38 in cancer and non-cancerous diseases using antibodies, cell-based therapies and CD38 inhibitors. We also provide a summary of current clinical trials targeting CD38.

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“…The loss of CD38 Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; BCP, B cell precursor; CD, cluster of differentiation; CR, complete remission; mAb, monoclonal antibody; pAb, polyclonal antibody; SCT, stem cell transplant. described in myeloma patients can be one of the reasons for treatment failure [3][4][5][6] ; hence, accurate monitoring of CD38 after daratumumab application is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, daratumumab can be used experimentally in the treatment of relapsed ALL, but data regarding the efficacy of such a treatment are limited. The loss of CD38 described in myeloma patients can be one of the reasons for treatment failure 3–6 ; hence, accurate monitoring of CD38 after daratumumab application is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD38: A target in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia—Limitations in treatment and diagnostics

Vakrmanova

Nováková

Petr

et al. 2022

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 antibody, is used experimentally in the treatment of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We treated five patients suffering from relapsed ALL with daratumumab. Four patients had T ALL, three of whom achieved complete remission (CR) after treatment and underwent stem cell transplant (SCT).Two of them had a second relapse and died 6 and 8 months after SCT, respectively. One transplanted T ALL patient remained in CR2 15 months after relapse. In the remaining T-ALL patient, the disease progressed under daratumumab treatment, and the patient died early after the first relapse. The B-cell precursor ALL patient with a second CD19-negative relapse, whose disease turned out to be resistant to the combination of daratumumab with chemotherapy, later achieved CR3 with inotuzumab ozogamicin, underwent SCT and remained in CR3. Leukemia burden should be monitored after daratumumab, and care should be taken not to misclassify leukemic cells with false negativity of surface CD38; using an antibody reacting with nondaratumumab epitopes is advantageous.

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CD38: From Positive to Negative Expression after Daratumumab Treatment

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

CD38 – Negative Anaplastic Plasma Cell Myeloma: A Rare Case Report

CD38 – Negative Anaplastic Plasma Cell Myeloma: A Rare Case Report

Targeting CD38 in Neoplasms and Non-Cancer Diseases

CD38: A target in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia—Limitations in treatment and diagnostics

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