“…In this regard, several studies have investigated the interaction between immune cells and biomaterials/osteogenic cells. The RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line [ 14 , 59 , 75 , 81 , 86 , 88 , 102 , 108 , 137 , 138 , 139 ], macrophages derived from the human monocyte THP-1 line [ 76 ], or primary bone marrow-derived monocytes [ 74 , 140 ], are alternatively exploited as suitable cellular models to study biomaterial-induced inflammatory responses. In addition, specific protocols are used to test immune cell adhesion, viability, and growth.…”