CD24 expression in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract correlates with tumour progression

Abstract

Expression of the mucin-like adhesion molecule CD24 has been implicated in the progression of several types of cancer and has been identified as new prognostic factor. We evaluated CD24 expression in 268 consecutive cases of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma with respect to associations with tumour stage, grade, angioinvasion and infiltrative growth pattern using a tissue microarray technique and correlated data with patient outcome. CD24 expression was demonstrated in 161/259 (62%) evaluable tumours and was associated with high tumour stage [77/139 (55%) pTa/pT1 vs 84/120 (70%) pT2-pT4; P=0.02] and high tumour grade [68/139 (49%) low vs 93/120 (78%) high grade; P<0.001] as well as presence of angioinvasion (P=0.002) and infiltrative pattern of invasion (P=0.007). Patients with CD24-positive tumours tended to have a higher risk of disease progression (P=0.065). Multivariate analysis, however, proved pT stage >1 [P<0.001, risk ratio (RR)=5.87, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.88-11.95] and high tumour grade (P<0.001, RR=3.30, 95% CI 1.75-6.22) as only independent predictors of metastatic disease. In conclusion, CD24 expression in upper urinary tract urothelial cancer is associated with advanced tumour stage and high tumour grade as well as histopathological features indicative of aggressive tumour behaviour, but it lacks independent impact on patient outcome.

CD24: from A to Z

“…102 Moreover, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, CD24 expression correlates with tumor lymph node metastasis, tumor grade and survival time. 88 Similar observations were found in many types of cancer, including cholangiocarcinoma, 90,91 urothelial carcinoma, 93,94 ovarian cancer 95 and prostate carcinomas. 99 Consistent with a causative role for CD24 in cancer pathogenesis, small-interfering RNA silencing of tumor cell CD24 expression had a direct effect on tumor cell proliferation and survival in tissue culture.…”

“…CD24 is broadly overexpressed on many types of tumor tissues, 60,84 including B-cell lymphomas, 85 erythroleukemia, 22 gliomas, 86 small cell lung cancer, 87 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 88 hepatocellular carcinoma, 89 cholangiocarcinoma, 90,91 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 92 urothelial carcinoma, 93,94 ovarian cancer, 95 breast cancer, 28,96,97 primary neuroendocrine carcinomas 98 and prostate carcinomas. 99 Human cancer stem cells appear to have decreased expression of CD24 compared to their offspring; 100,101 however, it is unclear if the same pattern holds in mice.…”

Survival of patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma after nephroureterectomy and risk factors for bladder cancer

“…Proučavani su različiti proteini uključeni u fenomen ćelijske athezije, proliferacije, apoptoze i regulacije ćelijskog ciklusa [66][67][68][69]. Rađena su imunohistohemijska ispitivanja vezana za ćelijsku atheziju.…”

“…Ekspresija athezionog molekula CD24 koji je dosta sličan mucinima, je povezana sa uznapredovalim stadijumom tumora, patohistološkim gradusom, limfno-vaskularnom invazijom i infiltrativnim rastom tumora [67]. Bez obzira na ove podatke prognostički značaj CD24 ekspresije kod tumora gornjeg urotelijuma nije dovoljno evaluiran.…”

“…Molekularni markeri, od značaja za dijagnozu i prognozu tumora gornjeg urotelijuma, ispitivani su od strane nekoliko istraživača [66][67][68][69]. Nestabilnost mikrosatelitskih regiona 1-7.…”