CD2+ acute promyelocytic leukemia is associated with leukocytosis, variant morphology and poorer prognosis

Abstract

The T cell-lineage marker CD2 is sometimes expressed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and CD2 expression is reported to correlate with some clinical characteristics. However, the significance of CD2 expression in APL has not been fully elucidated. We evaluated CD2 expression in APL treated by the same treatment strategy in a single institute, and whether it had any special characteristics. Among 29 APL, 6 were positive for CD2. Patients with CD2+ APL tended to have a higher leukocyte count than CD2- APL (34.5 +/- 13.1/l vs. 6.8 +/- 2.1/l), morphological characteristics as variant-APL (50 vs. 0%). They also showed poor clinical prognosis. The CR rate of CD2- APL was 87.0% while that of CD2+ APL was 50 %. The mortality was 13.0 and 66.7%, respectively, and the survival rate was significantly lower in CD2+ APL. CD2 expression was proven to be a risk factor associated with death in addition to the morphological characteristics of variant-APL and leukocytosis. These results indicated that CD2 expression might have a significant impact on the prognosis of APL. Whether CD2+ APL should be characterized as a special clinical entity should be discussed in a larger patient population.

Immunophenotypes and Immune Markers Associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Prognosis

“…However, the relationship between CD2 expression and clinical outcomes has not been completely determined. Kaito et al found that patients with CD2+ APL had lower CR and OS rates than patients with CD2− APL [3]. In the present study, patients with CD2+ APL had higher WBC counts and higher CD34+ rates than patients with CD2− APL.…”

“…These data are consistent with those of Kaito et al, suggesting that CD2 expression influences CR and OS rates in patients with APL. However, the CR rate determined for patients with CD2− APL in the current study was higher (91.1% versus 87%), CR rates in patients with CD2+ APL were comparable (approximately 50%), and early death rate was lower (50% versus 66.7%) [3]. The reason for this discrepancy may be attributed to the fact that the patients in our study received arsenic trioxide (ATO) during induction and maintenance treatments.…”

Hematopoietic Gene Expression Regulation Through m6A Methylation Predicts Prognosis in Stage III Colorectal Cancer

“…CD2 was also reported to be highly associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The expression of CD2 was also considered as a prognostic factor in the APL (24). According to the pervious researches, the expression level of CD2 and CR2 demonstrated the status of our immune system and other immunological diseases.…”

Leucemia promielocítica aguda: Resultados del protocolo terapéutico LPA2000, Programa Nacional de Cáncer del Adulto (PANDA), Ministerio de Salud, Chile

“…En nuestro estudio, 92% presentó negatividad para ambos marcadores en forma similar a lo observado en la literatura. Asimismo, la expresión de CD34 y/o DR en asociación a expresión de CD2 es altamente sugerente de variedad microgranular, leucocitosis y mal pronóstico 21 . En nuestro estudio, 2 pacientes con estas características fallecieron antes de iniciar tratamiento y otro mostró persistencia de EMR después de varias líneas terapéuticas.…”