CD133, CD44, and ALDH1A1 as cancer stem cell markers and prognostic factors in epithelial ovarian cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Epithelial ovarian cancer type II is characterized by rapid tumor growth and is genetically more labile than type I. This study was aimed to demonstrate the prognostic value of CSC by using the markers CD133, CD44, and ALDH1A1 in EOC.METHODS Clinicopathological and demographic data were collected from medical records. The markers CD133, CD44, and ALDH1A1 were examined with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression in patients with ovarian cancer types I and II were related to chemotherapy and survival. In multivariate analysis, the prognosis model was tested for ten months.RESULTS The largest demographic consisted of patients aged ≥45 years, with stage I, poor differentiation, and type II, of which there were 40 samples (72.7%), 23 samples (41.8%), 30 samples (54.5%), and 16 samples (29.1%), respectively. There is a high correlation between the 10-month chemotherapy response and the 4 variables, i.e., age ≥45 years, type II, stage III–IV, and CD44, with an ROC of 80.75% and a post-test probability of 82.5%. Using the ROC curve, the highest chemoresistance score was 0.841, based on the combination of CSCs markers and clinicopathological factors, that is stage III–IV, age ≥45 years, poor differentiation, type II, negative CD133, high CD44, and high ALDH1A1.CONCLUSIONS CSC (CD133, CD44, and ALDH1A1) markers and clinicopathological factors are prognostic of epithelial ovarian cancer.

A Study of CD44 Positive Cancer Cells in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and their Correlation with P53 And Ki67

“…Among 34 malignant tumors in our study, 22 (64.7%) were high grade and 12 (35.3%) low grade. Pelupessy et al 29 found similar findings in their study, that is, 56.7% high grade and 43.3% low-grade tumors.…”

“…Studies have suggested that CD44 overexpression promotes cells migration and metastasis for human solid tumors, including breast carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma. 29,32 The expression pattern of CD44 in malignant cells is of great importance, since CD44 is the main receptor for hyaluronan, and the hyaluronan binding domain exists in all CD44 isoforms and CD44-HA interaction involved in tumor progression. Hence, much effort has focused in blocking the CD44-HA interaction.…”

CD133 Act as an Essential Marker in Ovarian Carcinogenesis

“…Although contradictory evidence is still available, there is a link between CD133 expression status in ovarian cancer and several other clinicopathological factors. A recently published study by Pelupessy et al, (2019) showed that CD133-negative expression in ovarian cancer correlates with a higher chemoresistance score and has a better ROC curve. In comparison, increased CD133 expression was observed during OCSC induction and chemotherapy drug treatment (Liu et al, 2020).…”

Correlation between CD133 and EGFR Expression with Grading of Ovarian Carcinoma

“…Angka harapan hidup selama 5 tahun pada stadium I karsinoma ovarium lebih dari 90%, sedang pada stadium III/IV mempunyai angka harapan hidup 5 tahun sekitar 30%. 13 Data histopatologik Badan Registrasi Kanker Indonesia tahun 2009 menyatakan kanker ini menempati urutan kelima dari seluruh keganasan pada wanita setelah organ payudara dan leher rahim. 14 Karsinoma ovarium tipe serous merupakan tipe karsinoma ovarium yang paling sering, sekitar lebih dari 50% dari karsinoma ovarium .10 Penelitian yang dilakukan Rojas et al menunjukkan bahwa karsinoma ovarium tipe serous merupakan tipe paling banyak dijumpai mencakup 68%-71%.…”