CCN activation of slightly soluble organics: the importance of small
                        amounts of inorganic salt and particle phase

Bilde, Merete; Svenningsson, Birgitta

doi:10.3402/tellusb.v56i2.16406

Cited by 127 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Impurities in dry organic particles may be ubiquitous (10) and may lower the deliquescence-controlled activation to the extent that the organic particles activate according to standard Köhler theory. The effect of impurities on the CCN activity of sparingly soluble organic particles needs to be addressed in future measurements.…”

Section: Nondeliquescent Organic Compounds Monosaccharides (Fructosementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of the Hygroscopic and Deliquescence Properties of Organic Compounds of Different Solubilities in Water and Their Relationship with Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activities

Chan

Kreidenweis²,

Chan³

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The initial phase (solid or aqueous droplet) of aerosol particles prior to activation is among the critical factors in determining their cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity. Single-particle levitation in an electrodynamic balance (EDB)was used to measure the phase transitions and hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles of 11 organic compounds with different solubilities (10(-1) to 102 g solute/100 g water). We use these data and other literature data to relate the CCN activity and hygroscopicity of organic compounds with different solubilities. The EDB data show that glyoxylic acid, 4-methylphthalic acid, monosaccharides (fructose and mannose), and disaccharides (maltose and lactose) did not crystallize and existed as metastable droplets at low relative humidity (RH). Hygroscopic data from this work and in the literature support earlier studies showing that the CCN activities of compounds with solubilities down to the order of 10(-1) g solute/100 g water can be predicted by standard Köhler theory with the assumption of complete dissolution of the solute at activation. We also demonstrate the use of evaporation data (or efflorescence data), which provides information on the water contents of metastable solutions below the compound deliquescence RH that can be extrapolated to higher dilutions, to predict the CCN activity of organic particles, particularly for sparingly soluble organic compounds that do not deliquesce at RH achievable in the EDB and in the hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer.

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Section: Nondeliquescent Organic Compounds Monosaccharides (Fructosementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of the Hygroscopic and Deliquescence Properties of Organic Compounds of Different Solubilities in Water and Their Relationship with Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activities

Chan

Kreidenweis²,

Chan³

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…In Fig. 7, data from the study by Bilde and Svenningsson (2004) are compared with the relaxed step functions. The DMA flow ratio used in the experiments was 0.78:10 and theoretical step functions (Eqs.…”

Section: Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a relatively large value but not unreasonable since the experiments were performed as a first test with succinic acid, without special care taken to avoid impurities. Calculations made as described by Bilde and Svenningsson (2004) reveal that an undissolved core of succinic acid has to be taken into account in order to explain the data for all three supersaturations. The relaxed step function can also in this case describe the data very well.…”

Section: Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxed step functions for evaluation of CCN counter data on size-separated aerosol particles

Svenningsson

Bilde

2008

Journal of Aerosol Science

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“…[165,166]), the role of organics on the crystallisation RH and the DRH of inorganic aerosols is not well understood [157]. Also, it is likely that aerosols harbour a wider range of organics than the simple systems often studied in the laboratory (e.g.…”

Section: Deliquescencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, modifications are continually being made in order to make this simple formulation more applicable to hygroscopic growth regions (e.g. [165,166,196]). These include the introduction of solubility limitations, thus allowing deliquescence to be considered.…”

Section: The Köhler Equation -Describing the Equilibrium Between A Cumentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of Aqueous Systems

Topping

2008

Environmental Chemistry of Aerosols

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Particles in the atmosphere are distinguished by their size, shape and composition. They can be directly emitted from sources and can be formed in the atmosphere by chemical reactions and physical processes. Once particles are formed, their properties can be modulated in space and time by atmospheric physical and chemical processes, such as condensation, evaporation and coagulation. Eventually, the particles are removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition, with such removal occurring minutes to weeks after their release or formation, and after travelling metres to thousands of kilometres. This chapter summarises key physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols. These properties can be described at various levels of aggregation (bottom-up, from the single-particle perspective) or discretisation (topdown, from the aerosol perspective). An accounting of each particle by size and composition would provide the finest resolution. In contrast, the bulk composition over all particles would be the coarsest resolution. Furthermore, given the dynamic nature of atmospheric aerosols, the degree of time integration is important.Particles in the atmosphere are directly emitted by sources (primary emissions) or formed in the atmosphere by physicochemical processes (secondary formation) [1]. Combustion and other high-temperature processes are largely responsible for primary emissions of fine-mode particles, while mechanical processes such as grinding, entrainment of dust and soil and droplet formation by waves generate coarse-mode particles. Condensable gases can homogeneously nucleate to form new particles in the atmosphere if there is insufficient surface area for their uptake. Heterogeneous condensation is the uptake of vapour by pre-existing particles, with the reverse process of evaporation also important.A summary of the atmospheric aerosol properties must necessarily reflect upon the methods used to arrive at the current state of knowledge. As tools to probe the atmosphere continue to advance, refinements will be made to the understanding of atmospheric aerosols. Starting with the dimensions of size, composition, space and time, observational data are collected from measurements that integrate across these dimensions. Most observational data have been collected at fixed locations, although more data are being obtained from satellite and other profiling instruments that provide spatial resolution [2,3]. The spatial zone represented by monitoring at a fixed site will depend on the property of interest. It may be possible to infer

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CCN activation of slightly soluble organics: the importance of small amounts of inorganic salt and particle phase

Cited by 127 publications

References 16 publications

Measurements of the Hygroscopic and Deliquescence Properties of Organic Compounds of Different Solubilities in Water and Their Relationship with Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activities

Measurements of the Hygroscopic and Deliquescence Properties of Organic Compounds of Different Solubilities in Water and Their Relationship with Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activities

Relaxed step functions for evaluation of CCN counter data on size-separated aerosol particles

Thermodynamics of Aqueous Systems

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