CCL2 level is elevated with metabolic syndrome and CXCL10 level is correlated with visceral fat area in obese children

Systemic Inflammation in Metabolic Syndrome: Increased Platelet and Leukocyte Activation, and Key Role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 Axes in Arterial Platelet-Proinflammatory Monocyte Adhesion

“…Platelet surface molecules, such as GPIIb/IIIa (recognized by PAC-1) or P-selectin, are critically involved in the interaction of platelets with endothelial cells and leukocytes [35], all of which are central for atherosclerotic lesion formation. However, in contrast to previous reports [13,19], the circulating levels of sP-selectin, PF-4/CXCL4, or RANTES/CCL5 did not differ between the groups that were investigated here, which suggests a moderate thrombogenic profile in the metabolic syndrome patients.…”

“…Several studies have shown that soluble inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), CXCL16, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are found at higher levels in patients with metabolic syndrome than in the age-matched controls [12,13,14,15]. Moreover, metabolic syndrome has been related to an increased number of several circulating leukocyte subsets and enhanced monocyte and platelet activation [12,16,17,18].…”

“…Moreover, metabolic syndrome has been related to an increased number of several circulating leukocyte subsets and enhanced monocyte and platelet activation [12,16,17,18]. Nonetheless, some results on the inflammatory status of this complex metabolic disorder are contentious, particularly with regard to the soluble mediators and leukocyte subsets [13,17,18,19,20]. Therefore, deeper knowledge regarding the different cellular and soluble components of systemic inflammatory responses that are associated with metabolic syndrome and their clinical consequences is needed.…”

Plasma immunological markers in pregnancy and cord blood: A possible link between macrophage chemo‐attractants and risk of childhood type 1 diabetes

“…We demonstrated an association between increased GM‐CSF levels and maternal smoking status, a link supported by in vitro studies . Individuals with obesity in general have been shown to have higher circulating levels of CCL4, CXCL10, neopterin and KTR, in line with our results in pregnant women. We also found an association of maternal IL‐6 with BMI (fold difference 1.05, P = .02), which has been contradictory in previous studies .…”

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Epigenetic Measures, and Obesity in Youth

“…38 CXCL10 encodes a chemokine, with values of CXCL10 found to correlate significantly with measures of visceral fat area in obese children. 39 The protein product of BCAT1 catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine and has been identified as a candidate risk gene for obesity. 40 HIDI is associated with body fat mass regulation, preadipocyte number and adipocyte size in rats.…”