CCL2 in the Tumor Microenvironment

O'Connor, Tracy Lynn; Heikenwälder, Mathias

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62658-7_1

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…In addition, various stromal cells in the TME, including endothelial cells, DCs, fibroblasts, and adipocytes, are capable of producing CCL2 to promote tumor growth and progression. 90 , 91 , 92 CCL2 was the first CC chemokine to be identified and fully studied and has a high affinity for its receptor, CCR2. It has been revealed that CCR2 is widely expressed in a broad range of cell types, including monocytes, 93 endothelial cells, 94 DCs, 95 and various cancer cells and the upregulation of CCR2 is related to advanced cancer, metastasis, and relapse.…”

Section: Different Chemokine Axesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CCL2 was at first characterized as a “tumor‐derived chemokine” and has been documented to be a potent chemotactic agent for a couple of immune cells (e.g., monocytes, immature dendritic cells (DCs), memory T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells), thereby promoting inflammatory effects and neoangiogenesis. In addition, various stromal cells in the TME, including endothelial cells, DCs, fibroblasts, and adipocytes, are capable of producing CCL2 to promote tumor growth and progression 90–92 . CCL2 was the first CC chemokine to be identified and fully studied and has a high affinity for its receptor, CCR2.…”

Section: Different Chemokine Axesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases

Zhao

2022

MedComm

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Chemokines are a large family of small secreted proteins that have fundamental roles in organ development, normal physiology, and immune responses upon binding to their corresponding receptors. The primary functions of chemokines are to coordinate and recruit immune cells to and from tissues and to participate in regulating interactions between immune cells. In addition to the generally recognized antimicrobial immunity, the chemokine/chemokine receptor axis also exerts a tumorigenic function in many different cancer models and is involved in the formation of immunosuppressive and protective tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential prognostic markers for various hematologic and solid tumors. In fact, apart from its vital role in tumors, almost all inflammatory diseases involve chemokines and their receptors in one way or another. Modulating the expression of chemokines and/or their corresponding receptors on tumor cells or immune cells provides the basis for the exploitation of new drugs for clinical evaluation in the treatment of related diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances of chemokine systems in protumor and antitumor immune responses and discuss the prevailing understanding of how the chemokine system operates in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we also emphatically highlight the complexity of the chemokine system and explore its potential to guide the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.

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Section: Different Chemokine Axesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Different Chemokine Axesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases

Zhao

2022

MedComm

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“…Further studies showed that depletion of regulatory T cells in pancreatic cancer led to differentiation of inflammatory fibroblast subpopulations, which in turn drove infiltration of bone marrow cells via CCR1, thus revealing a potential new therapeutic approach to alleviate immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer ( Zhang et al, 2020 ). In addition, CCL2 plays a role in the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages, which promote tumor phenotype generation as well as tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis ( O'Connor and Heikenwalder 2021 ). The same is true for CCL24/27 ( Lim 2021 ; Martínez-Rodríguez and Monteagudo 2021 ).…”

Section: Anti-tumor Effect Of Chemokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Cancer

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Cancer is a common and intractable disease that seriously affects quality of life of patients and imposes heavy economic burden on families and the entire society. Current medications and intervention strategies for cancer have respective shortcomings. In recent years, it has been increasingly spotlighted that chemokines and their receptors play vital roles in the pathophysiology of cancer. Chemokines are a class of structurally similar short-chain secreted proteins that initiate intracellular signaling pathways through the activation of corresponding G protein-coupled receptors and participate in physiological and pathological processes such as cell migration and proliferation. Studies have shown that chemokines and their receptors have close relationships with cancer epigenetic regulation, growth, progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Chemokines and their receptors may also serve as potential targets for cancer treatment. We herein summarize recent research progresses on anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of chemokines and their receptors, suggesting avenues for future studies. Perspectives for upcoming explorations, such as development of multi-targeted chemokine-based anti-tumor drugs, are also discussed in the present review.

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“…Stromal CCL-2 in breast tumors correlates with infiltrations of TAMs, which contributes to breast cancer progression as earlier described [ 146 ]. A high expression of CCL-2 in breast cancer tissue is found to be a significant indicator of early relapse [ 147 ], metastasis [ 148 ], and upregulation of CCL-2 in breast cancer tissue reduces overall survival [ 149 ]. Overexpression of CCL-2 induces cell invasion and metastasis in TNBC [ 101 ].…”

Section: Breast Cancer Progression and Local Obesity-associated Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Biomarkers Involved in the Interplay between Obesity and Breast Cancer

Holm

Rosendahl

Borgquist

2021

Cancers

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Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women worldwide (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer). Furthermore, breast cancer patients with obesity have an impaired prognosis. Adipose tissue is abundant in the breast. Therefore, breast cancer develops in an adipose-rich environment. During obesity, changes in the local environment in the breast occur which are associated with breast cancer. A shift towards a pro-inflammatory state is seen, resulting in altered levels of cytokines and immune cells. Levels of adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, are changed. Aromatase activity rises, resulting in higher levels of potent estrogen in the breast. Lastly, remodeling of the extracellular matrix takes place. In this review, we address the current knowledge on the changes in the breast adipose tissue in obesity associated with breast cancer initiation and progression. We aim to identify obesity-associated biomarkers in the breast involved in the interplay between obesity and breast cancer. Hereby, we can improve identification of women with obesity with an increased risk of breast cancer and an impaired prognosis. Studies investigating mammary adipocytes and breast adipose tissue in women with obesity versus women without obesity are, however, sparse and further research is needed.

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CCL2 in the Tumor Microenvironment

Cited by 30 publications

References 124 publications

Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases

Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases

Advances in Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Cancer

Local Biomarkers Involved in the Interplay between Obesity and Breast Cancer

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