CBD grown pure and Ce-doped ZnO nanorods: Comparison of their photocatalytic degrading efficiencies on AR88 azo dye under visible light irradiation

Kardeş, Memnune; Dindaş, Gizem Başaran; Yatmaz, H. Cengiz; Dizge, Nadir; Öztürk, Koray

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125451

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Sa et al [ 24 ] evaluated this parameter inthe degradation of a bentazone herbicide. In order to estimate the photocatalytic activity of ZnO and Ce nanorods under the same conditions with the best 1% CZ sample, Kardes et al [ 65 ] observed three consecutive runs of color removal in AR88 azo dye. They observed a slight decrease in the percentage performance in each run, and the reason for the decrease was investigated by the ratio of ZnO leaching in the dye solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Photocatalytic Study of ZnO Containing Cerium towards Ibuprofen Degradation

et al. 2021

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Ibuprofen (IBU) is one of the most-sold anti-inflammatory drugs in the world, and its residues can reach aquatic systems, causing serious health and environmental problems. Strategies are used to improve the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide (ZnO), and thosethat involvethe inclusion of metalhave received special attention. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the parameters and toxicity of a photoproduct using zinc oxide that contains cerium (ZnO-Ce) for the photodegradation of ibuprofen. The parameters include the influence of the photocatalyst concentration (0.5, 0.5, and 1.5 g L−1) as well as the effects of pH (3, 7, and 10), the effect of H2O2, and radical scavengers. The photocatalyst was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Raman, X-Ray Diffraction, surface area, and diffuse reflectance. The photocatalytic activity of ibuprofen was evaluated in an aqueous solution under UV light for 120 min. The structural characterization by XRD and SEM elucidated the fact that the nanoparticle ZnO contained cerium. The band gap value was 3.31 eV. The best experimental conditions for the photodegradation of IBU were 60% obtained in an acidic condition using 0.50 g L−1 of ZnO-Ce in a solution of 20 ppm of IBU. The presence of hydrogen peroxide favored the photocatalysis process. ZnO-Ce exhibited good IBU degradation activity even after three photocatalytic cycles under UV light. The hole plays akey role in the degradation process of ibuprofen. The toxicity of photolyzed products was monitored against Artemia salina (bioindicator) and did not generate toxic metabolites. Therefore, this work provides a strategic design to improve ZnO-Ce photocatalysts for environmental remediation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Photocatalytic Study of ZnO Containing Cerium towards Ibuprofen Degradation

et al. 2021

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“…The most popular assumption is that the inclusion of Ce in the lattice sites of ZnO can generate discrete energy levels between the VB and the CB: the presence of such localized electronic energy states is suggested by the strengthened visible photon absorption. In particular, the empty localized 4f orbitals of Ce 4+ below the conduction band edge would guarantee a narrow charge transfer between the 4f energy level and the conduction/valence bands of ZnO, with the consequent improved photodegradation activity [88,89,95,96,[111][112][113]. Within this description, the presence of cerium is also believed to reduce the electron-hole pair recombination, where the easy Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ conversion should be the key step, with Ce 4+ acting as an electron scavenger and Ce 3+ as an electron donor.…”

Section: Ce-doped Znomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Connected to this uncertainty aspect, in the following we will show the different suggested working mechanisms for the Ce-doped ZnO material, critically discussing the various options proposed in the literature. As summarized in Table 2, Ce-modified ZnO has been used for the degradation of a large variety of classical and emerging pollutants in wastewater, including dyes such as methylene blue [84,[89][90][91]95,96,107,110,[116][117][118][119] and rhodamine [88,103,113,120], pharmaceuticals such as ibuprofen and paracetamol [121] and industrial contaminants like bisphenol-A [83,85,87] and acesulfame-K [105]; moreover, the photodegradation of a class of medical diagnostic agents such as X ray contrast agents (ICM) has been also reported [108]. As often happens in manuscripts dealing with photocatalytic applications, the parameters affecting the final photocatalytic ability differ from one investigation to another, making the evaluation and the comparison of the performance of different materials really difficult.…”

Section: Ce-doped Znomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium-, Europium- and Erbium-Modified ZnO and ZrO2 for Photocatalytic Water Treatment Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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In the last decades photocatalysis has become one of the most employed technologies for the implementation of the so-called Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for the removal of harmful pollutants from wastewaters. The materials identified as the best photocatalysts are transition metal oxides, in which the band structure allows charge carrier separation upon solar irradiation. The photoinduced charge carrier can thus cause oxidative and reductive redox reactions at the surface, inducing the formation of the radical species able to initiate the AOPs. Despite the great advantages of this process (non-toxic, cheap and environmentally clean), the main drawback lies in the fact that the most efficient semiconductors are only able to absorb UV irradiation, which accounts for only 5% of the total solar irradiation at the Earth’s surface and not enough to generate the required amount of electron-hole pairs. On the other hand, many efforts have been devoted to the sensitization of wide band gap transition metal oxides to visible light, which represents a higher percentage (almost 45%) in the solar electromagnetic spectrum. Among all the strategies to sensitize transition metal oxides to visible irradiation, doping with lanthanides has been less explored. In this regard, lanthanides offer a unique electronic configuration, consisting in 4f orbitals shielded by a 5s5p external shell. This occurrence, coupled with the different occupation of the localized 4f orbitals would provide an astounding opportunity to tune these materials’ properties. In this review we will focus in depth on the modification of two promising photocatalytic transition metal oxides, namely ZnO and ZrO2, with cerium, europium and erbium atoms. The aim of the work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the influence of lanthanides on the structural, optical and electronic properties of the modified materials, emphasizing the effect of the different 4f orbital occupation in the three considered doping atoms. Moreover, a large portion of the discussion will be devoted to the structural-properties relationships evidencing the improved light absorption working mechanism of each system and the resulting enhanced photocatalytic performance in the abatement of contaminants in aqueous environments.

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“…Yabalak et al reported the 72.86% of TOC removal of Procion Crimson H-EXL dye solution with 100 ppm using 50 mM of H 2 O 2 in SWO method (Kardeşet al 2020). They mentioned that subcritical water medium provides about 8% of TOC removal without using any oxidizing agent.…”

Section: The Effect Of H 2 O 2 Concentration On Color Removal Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different types of AOPs supported by hydrogen peroxide on the decolorization of methylene blue and viscose fibers dyeing wastewater

Bilici

Saleh

Yabalak

et al. 2021

Water Science and Technology

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Wastewater from the textile industry containing a high concentration of organic and inorganic chemicals have strong color and residual chemical oxygen demand (COD). Therefore, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are very good candidates to treat textile industry wastewater. In this study, we investigated the effect of different types of AOPs supported with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the treatment of viscose fibers dyeing wastewater. Fenton, photo-Fenton, and Fenton supported subcritical water oxidation (FSWO) processes were chosen as AOPs to compare the treatment efficiency of viscose fibers dyeing wastewater. The effects of solution pH, Fe2+ concentration, and H2O2 concentration on the treatment of viscose fibers dyeing wastewater were tested. The maximum color and COD removal efficiency was obtained corresponding to pH 2.5 for all oxidation methods when MB dye solution was used. However, the maximum efficiencies were obtained at pH 3.0 for real textile wastewater decolorization. The MB dye removal efficiency was increased to 97.22, 100, and 100% for Fenton, photo-Fenton, and FSWO processes, respectively, when the addition of H2O2 concentration was adjusted to 125 mg/L. However, the maximum color removal efficiencies of viscose fibers dyeing wastewater were obtained 56.94, 61.26, 64.11% for Fenton, photo-Fenton, FSWO processes, respectively. As a result, the FSWO showed maximum color removal efficiencies.

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CBD grown pure and Ce-doped ZnO nanorods: Comparison of their photocatalytic degrading efficiencies on AR88 azo dye under visible light irradiation

Cited by 14 publications

References 63 publications

A Brief Photocatalytic Study of ZnO Containing Cerium towards Ibuprofen Degradation

A Brief Photocatalytic Study of ZnO Containing Cerium towards Ibuprofen Degradation

Cerium-, Europium- and Erbium-Modified ZnO and ZrO2 for Photocatalytic Water Treatment Applications: A Review

The effect of different types of AOPs supported by hydrogen peroxide on the decolorization of methylene blue and viscose fibers dyeing wastewater

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