Cavum septi pellucidi in normals and patients with schizophrenia as detected by magnetic resonance imaging

Nopoulos, Peg; Swayze, Victor W.; Flaum, Michael; Ehrhardt, James C.; Yuh, William T. C.; Andreasen, Nancy C.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00209-0

Cited by 127 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with recent high-resolution MRI studies (Fukuzako et al, 1996;Hagino et al, 2001;Kwon et al, 1998;Nopoulos et al, 1997;Rajarethinam et al, 2001), and further suggest that a small CSP is a normal anatomical variant. In contrast, the prevalence of abnormal CSP (approximately 6 mm or longer) was higher for first-episode schizophrenic patients than for the control subjects, in line with recent studies Nopoulos et al, 1997;Shioiri et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…From the results of recent high-spatial-resolution MRI studies (Fukuzako et al, 1996;Hagino et al, 2001;Kwon et al, 1998;Nopoulos et al, 1997;Rajarethinam et al, 2001) that report high prevalence of CSP (38.0-84.8%) in adults, it is clear that the presence of a very small CSP may have no pathological significance. Therefore, it was necessary to distinguish CSP that were considered to be larger than the normal variant CSP.…”

Section: Csp Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of further note, out of nine independent research studies investigating the prevalence and/or qualifying the rate of abnormal CSP in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal subjects using MRI (Degreef et al, 1992;DeLisi et al, 1993;Fukuzako et al, 1996;Hagino et al, 2001;Jurjus et al, 1993;Kwon et al, 1998;Nopoulos et al, 1997;Rajarethinam et al, 2001;Shioiri et al, 1996), six reported positive findings (Degreef et al, 1992;DeLisi et al, 1993;Kwon et al, 1998;Nopoulos et al, 1997;Rajarethinam et al, 2001;Shioiri et al, 1996). It is not clear, however, what the relationship of CSP findings is to clinical characteristics and abnormalities in limbic structures in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…One reliable indicator, from a neuropathological perspective, has been provided by in vivo MRI studies, where a higher-than-normal prevalence of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) (Degreef et al, 1992;DeLisi et al, 1993;Rajarethinam et al, 2001;Shioiri et al, 1996) and/or large (abnormal) CSP Nopoulos et al, 1997;Shioiri et al, 1996) has been observed in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incomplete fusion results in the persistence of a CSP, which reflects possible neurodevelopmental abnormalities of these midline and limbic structures (Rakic and Yakovlev, 1968;Sarwar, 1989;Shaw and Alvord, 1969). Particularly noteworthy, however, are recent high-spatialresolution MRI studies (Fukuzako et al, 1996;Hagino et al, 2001;Kwon et al, 1998;Nopoulos et al, 1997;Rajarethinam et al, 2001) that tend to report a higher prevalence of CSP (38.0-84.8%) in normal adults than previous MRI studies with lower spatial resolution (1.1-29.8%) (Degreef et al, 1992;DeLisi et al, 1993;Jurjus et al, 1993;Shioiri et al, 1996). These more recent in vivo MRI studies suggest that a small CSP is likely a normal variant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cavum septi pellucidi in first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode affective psychosis: an MRI study

Kasai

McCarley

Salisbury

et al. 2004

Schizophrenia Research

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A high prevalence of abnormal cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in schizophrenia may reflect neurodevelopmental abnormalities in midline structures of the brain. The relationship, however, between abnormal CSP and clinical symptoms, and with abnormalities in other limbic structures remains unclear, as does the question of whether a similar abnormality is present in affective psychosis. Seventy-four patients at their first hospitalization, 33 with schizophrenia and 41 with affective (mainly manic) psychosis, and 56 healthy control subjects underwent high-spatialresolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CSP on six slices or more on 0.9375-mm resampled coronal images was categorized as abnormal. The prevalence of abnormal CSP in both schizophrenic patients (26.1%) and affective psychosis patients (18.2%) was significantly higher than was observed in control subjects (8.2%). In schizophrenic patients only, larger CSP was significantly associated with more severe thinking disturbance and smaller left parahippocampal gyrus gray matter volumes. While the relationships between CSP ratings and clinical symptoms did not significantly differ between the two psychosis groups as assessed by the comparison of regression slopes, the association with limbic volumes appeared to be specific to schizophrenic patients. These results suggest that psychosis associated with schizophrenia and affective disorder share, at least to some extent, neurodevelopmental abnormalities involving midline structures and associated psychopathological consequences. However, the association between abnormal CSP and limbic systems may be more specific to schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Csp Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cavum septi pellucidi in first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode affective psychosis: an MRI study

Kasai

McCarley

Salisbury

et al. 2004

Schizophrenia Research

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A genome‐wide CNV analysis of schizophrenia reveals a potential role for a multiple‐hit model

Rudd

Axelsen

Epping

et al. 2014

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe psychiatric disorder that is highly heritable. While both common and rare genetic variants contribute to disease risk, many questions still remain about disease etiology. We performed a genome-wide analysis of copy number variants (CNVs) in 166 schizophrenia subjects and 52 psychiatrically healthy controls. First, overall CNV characteristics were compared between cases and controls. The only statistically significant finding was that deletions comprised a greater proportion of CNVs in cases. High interest CNVs were then identified as conservative using the following filtering criteria: (i) known deleterious CNVs; (ii) CNVs > 1 Mb that were novel (not found in a database of control individuals); and (iii) CNVs < 1 Mb that were novel and that overlapped the coding region of a gene of interest. Cases did not harbor a higher proportion of conservative CNVs in comparison to controls. However, similar to previous reports, cases had a slightly higher proportion of individuals with clinically significant CNVs (known deleterious or conservative CNVs > 1 Mb) or with multiple conservative CNVs. Two case individuals with the highest burden of conservative CNVs also share a recurrent 15q11.2 BP1-2 deletion, indicating a role for a potential multiple-hit CNV model for schizophrenia. In total, we report three 15q11.2 BP1-2 deletion individuals with schizophrenia, adding to a growing body of evidence that this CNV is involved in disease etiology.

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Use of Psychotropic Medications and Visits to Psychiatrists and Psychologists among Individuals with Nonsyndromic Oral Clefts: A Population‐Based Cohort Study

Pedersen

Hageman

Wehby

et al. 2017

Birth Defects Research

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Background Oral clefts (OC) are among the most common congenital malformations and can have a large impact on the life of the affected individual. Research findings regarding the psychological and psychosocial consequences of OC are inconclusive. Methods Using Danish nationwide registers we investigated redeemed prescriptions of psychotropic medication 1996–2012 and visits to psychiatrists and psychologists 1996–2011 among individuals born with non-syndromic OC in Denmark 1936–2009 and a comparison cohort of individuals without OC. This includes 8,244 individuals with OC and 82,665 individuals without OC. Results Cox-regression analysis revealed 12% (95%CI: 7%–16%) increased risk of using any psychotropic medication for individuals with OC. When examining by cleft type, higher risks for medication use were observed in individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLP) or cleft palate only (CP). The largest increased relative risk was found for use of antipsychotics and stimulants for individuals with CP followed by use of antipsychotics for individuals with CLP. We found increased risk of visits to psychiatrists for individuals with CP and no increased risk for visits to psychologists for either group. Conclusions This study indicates that a small group of individuals with non-syndromic OC, in particular those with palatal involvement, have greater risk of using psychotropic medications. Elevated use was however also observed among younger individuals with cleft lip only. There seems to be only a modest increase in visits to health professionals for psychological reasons. Undiagnosed syndromes, e.g. 22q11 deletion syndrome, may however contribute to an overestimation of the associations.

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Cavum septi pellucidi in normals and patients with schizophrenia as detected by magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 127 publications

References 24 publications

Cavum septi pellucidi in first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode affective psychosis: an MRI study

Cavum septi pellucidi in first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode affective psychosis: an MRI study

A genome‐wide CNV analysis of schizophrenia reveals a potential role for a multiple‐hit model

Use of Psychotropic Medications and Visits to Psychiatrists and Psychologists among Individuals with Nonsyndromic Oral Clefts: A Population‐Based Cohort Study

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