Cavum Antrum Phrygiae: The Organization and Operations of the Roman Imperial Marble Quarries in Phrygia

Roman Quarries in the Northeast of Hispania (Modern Catalonia)

“…This kind of fort has been found at some of the largest marble quarries under Imperial control (e.g. Docimion in modern Turkey, Mons Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus in modern Egypt and Aliki on the Island of Thassos, to mention just the most prominent examples) (Fant 1989;Maxfield and Peacock 2001;Peacock and Maxfield 1997;Röder 1971;Sodini, Lambraki and Közelj 1980).…”

“…Our knowledge of the management and ownership of large-scale marble quarries is greater thanks to the extensive research undertaken at those sites and in particular the study of quarry marks found either at the sites or at the stockpiling areas, such as Ostia and the Marmorata in Rome. For a comprehensive summary of the studies up to 1983, see Dworakowska 1983, 26-31; for later contributions see Dodge 1988Dodge , 1991Fabre and Sablayrolles 2002;Fant 1989Fant , 1992Maxfield and Peacock 2001;Padilla 1999;Peacock and Maxfield 1997;Pensabene 1989Pensabene , 1992Pensabene , 1994 282 RoMAn QuARRIes In tHe noRtHeAst oF HIsPAnIA (ModeRn cAtALonIA) site. Differences can be seen in the living and working conditions of the quarrymen at those sites.…”

“…Indeed, their traces are scarce and faint on the surface after a long depositional process, except when semi-manufactured elements (e.g. column drums, capitals, sarcophagi) are found in the immediate surroundings of the sites and the stylistic traits can be recognized in other territories (Fant 1989;Waelkens 1990). Remains of this kind consist-ing of isolated finds were found in the surroundings of El Mèdol (near Tarragona) and at the foot of Montjuïc hill (Barcelona).…”

A Tripod ‘Worth Seeing’ in the Olympieion at Athens (Paus. 1.18.8)

“…25 Kanellopoulos 2020. 26 Imperial control of the quarries is established by quarry inscriptions : Fant 1989;Dalla Rosa 2016;Hirt 2017: 237-8. 27 Russell 2013 For the private use of pavonazzetto for wall revetment at Ephesos, see Hirt 2017; the precise circumstances of acquisition are not known in this instance.…”

“…Fant 1989. Other sources of pavonazzetto existed in Asia Minor and on the Aegean island of Skyros, but they were exploited to a lesser degree than the Phrygian quarries: seeAttanasio et al 2015. …”