Cavitation Strength, Acoustic Nonlinearity, and Gas Bubble Distribution in Water

Abstract

The acoustic properties of real liquids are largely related to the phase inclusions contained in them, of which gas bubbles are the most common. The aim of the work was to find the relationship between the nonlinear acoustic parameter and the cavitation strength of the liquid with the distribution of bubbles in the liquid, which has so far been poorly studied. The theoretical studies of the parameter of acoustic nonlinearity and the cavitation strength of a liquid with bubbles were carried out within the framework of the homogeneous approximation of a micro-homogeneous liquid; the relationship of these parameters with the bubble distribution function was established, and the typical values of these parameters for different concentrations of bubbles were calculated. Experimental measurements of the parameter of acoustic nonlinearity and the cavitation strength in the upper layer of seawater were carried out; these measurements were consistent with the theoretical estimates. A connection was established between the thresholds of acoustic and optical cavitation—the optical breakdown of a liquid by laser radiation. The results obtained can find practical application in the measurement of the cavitation strength of seawater at great depths in the sea, and the use of an optoacoustic method associated with the use of optical cavitation is proposed.