Cavitation phenomena and the occurrence of pressure-tension cycles under dynamic stressing

Overton, G D N; Trevena, D H

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/14/2/016

Cited by 23 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Similar to the B-P method is the fluid-Hopkinson bar method developed by Kenner [58] consisting of a vertically mounted tube with a fluid column, but instead of a short piston rod (110 mm used by Overton et al [59]), a longer loading rod was used (610 mm). The longer rod allowed for the generation of a compressive pulse without the need for multiple cycles of reflections described in the B-P method by Overton [59].…”

Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The longer rod allowed for the generation of a compressive pulse without the need for multiple cycles of reflections described in the B-P method by Overton [59]. The same principle of generating a tensile reflection at the fluidatmosphere interface was used in this method resulting in the 'plateauing' of the reflection magnitude observed in the B-P method.…”

Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main limitations of the methods discussed above with respect to the motivations of studying intracranial cavitation from blast exposure are as follows: (1) A disadvantage arises for the T-A and B-P methods in varying the shape and duration of the incident waves. For the T-A method, input data was typically reported as impact velocity specific to the system, and for the B-P method, varying the input requires different combinations of piston lengths and bullet masses [59]. However, Williams et al [32] presented an alternate process for varying the input of the B-P method using an increasing static pressure above the fluid column, whereas the fluidHopkinson bar method provides a simpler solution by use of different striker types and pulse shapers.…”

Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymeric Hopkinson Bar-Confinement Chamber Apparatus to Evaluate Fluid Cavitation

2017

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Mild traumatic brain injury associated with blast exposure is an important issue, and cavitation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been suggested as a potential injury mechanism; however, physical measurements are required to evaluate cavitation thresholds. Modifications to a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) apparatus were investigated with the aim to generate localized fluid cavitation and measure the cavitation threshold of fluids. The proposed design incorporated a novel closed cavitation chamber to generate localized cavitation resulting from a reflected compression pulse, which was generated by a spherical steel striker and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) incident bar. A numerical model of the incident bar was developed and validated with 24 independent tests (cross-correlation: 0.970-0.997), and this was extended to a numerical model of the apparatus including the chamber, validated with 27 independent tests (cross-correlation: 0.921) to predict the tensile fluid pressure in the chamber. Tests on distilled water were performed with comparable numerical results for the chamber strain (R 2 : 0.875) and chamber end-wall velocity (R 2 : 0.992). The pressure in the chamber was determined from the model to avoid introducing a nucleation site via a pressure gauge, and was verified with a firstorder approximation showing good agreement (R 2 : 0.892). The 50% probability of cavitation for distilled water was −3.32 MPa ±3%, comparable to values in the literature. This novel apparatus, including a closed confinement chamber integrated with a polymeric SHPB apparatus was able to create localized fluid cavitation with loading comparable to blast exposure. Future studies will include the measurement of CSF cavitation pressure.

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Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamic Methods For Generating Cavitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymeric Hopkinson Bar-Confinement Chamber Apparatus to Evaluate Fluid Cavitation

2017

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“…Thereafter, the record comprises 'secondary' pressure-tension cycles ('3-4', '5-6' etc.) which have been associated with cavitational activity [41].…”

Section: 'Primary' and 'Secondary' Pressure-tension Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation and the tensile strength of liquids under dynamic stressing

Williams¹,

Williams²

2004

Molecular Physics

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This paper discusses the differences between the results of various measurements of the effective tensile strength (F c ) of liquids in experiments involving a pulse of tension ('negative pressure') created by the reflection of a pressure pulse at a boundary. Using a modified 'bulletpiston' (B-P) pulse reflection apparatus, measurements presented herein show that degassed, deionized water is capable of sustaining tensions an order of magnitude greater than previously reported in B-P work. Results are also reported for a series of Newtonian silicone oils which show a similar dependence of F c on the shear viscosity () as a previous study though the absolute values of F c are greater.

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“…1. The first one is the 'tube-arrest' method, introduced by Chesterman [3], that is a test to produce ab initio cavitation in a controlled way [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The second one is the decrease of pressure in the bulk of the liquid in a horizontal pipe downstream of a closing valve.…”

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New dimensionless number to predict cavitation in accelerated fluid

Fatjo¹

2016

Int. J. CMEM

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Cavitation is the formation of vapour cavities in a liquid due to a local low pressure. The traditional cavitation number is used to predict the occurrence of cavitation in liquid flows through devices such as pumps, propellers or dam spillways. However, this number can only be applied when cavitation is produced by changes in the dynamic and static pressure in a liquid flow. There are other means to produce cavitation where the traditional cavitation number cannot be applied. The purpose of this research is to formulate a new dimensionless number valid to predict cavitation in some scenarios where the traditional cavitation number fails. The 'tube-arrest' method produces cavitation by subjecting a column of liquid to a high acceleration without the need of any velocity between the liquid and the tube. In this scenario, the traditional number is not useful due to the low values of relative velocity between liquid and walls. However, the dimensionless number reported here predicts accurately the occurrence of cavitation in the 'tube-arrest' method, as it is shown by Finite Element Method analysis. There is another scenario where the dimensionless number is tested successfully; that is, in the bulk of a liquid downstream of a closing valve. A systematic comparison between the values of the dimensionless number and the occurrence of cavitation predicted by the FEM analysis is given. On the other hand, the values of the traditional cavitation number are calculated and it is shown that these values are meaningless in these scenarios. In contrast, the agreement between the prediction of the dimensionless number and the simulations is excellent. It is concluded that the new dimensionless number predicts cavitation in scenarios where the traditional number is meaningless.

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Cavitation phenomena and the occurrence of pressure-tension cycles under dynamic stressing

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Polymeric Hopkinson Bar-Confinement Chamber Apparatus to Evaluate Fluid Cavitation

Polymeric Hopkinson Bar-Confinement Chamber Apparatus to Evaluate Fluid Cavitation

Cavitation and the tensile strength of liquids under dynamic stressing

New dimensionless number to predict cavitation in accelerated fluid

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