Cavitation Mapping

Ding, Tao; Yin, H.; Hu, Hong; Chen, Bai; Wan, Mingxi

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7255-6_2

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…When the divalent anion and oxygen react, nitrogen is separated and an unstable organic peroxide is formed, which is in an excited state. At this time, electrons are transferred from the excited state to the ground state, and energy is emitted as light (BLUE light) in this process [18] , [19] . Since the amount of LE is related to the amount of OH* FR, the amount of OH* FR can be estimated by measuring the LE [13] , [20] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When luminol is added to an alkaline solution, it reacts with FR to release SCL. In this experiment, an alkaline solution was used in which sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was dissolved and the pH was adjusted to 14 [18] . Based on Negishi [18] , a luminol solution was prepared by dissolving 2.5 g of sodium carbonate in 500 mL of distilled water to dissolve luminol well, and then completely dissolving 0.1 g of luminol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

Choi

Lee

Park

2022

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

Choi

Lee

Park

2022

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…Cavitation Measurement Apparatus. Cavitation measurements were carried out using a setup based on passive cavitation detection (PCD) 51 developed by InSightec Ltd., Israel (Figure S3). A US transducer tile (32 × 32 mm 2 , InSightec Ltd., Israel) was placed at the bottom of a chamber filled with degassed water and operated in pulse wave mode.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailor-Made Single-Core PLGA Microbubbles as Acoustic Cavitation Enhancers for Therapeutic Applications

Tsirkin

Goldbart

Traitel

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Microbubbles (MBs), being gas bubbles encapsulated inside a solid shell, have been investigated extensively in the field of therapeutic ultrasound as acoustic cavitation enhancers. Hard-shell MBs have an advantage over soft-shell MBs due to their improved stability. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most attractive polymers for hard-shell MB synthesis; however, very little is known regarding the effect of synthesis parameters on the acoustic cavitation activity of PLGA MBs and the tunability of this activity. In this study, by manipulating the synthesis parameters, we were able to control the characteristics of the MBs, such as their internal structure, gas core, size distribution, and shell thickness, which significantly affect the total acoustic cavitation activity that they exhibit (i.e., their cavitation dose). We showed that single-core MBs filled with C3F8 gas can produce cavitation effects for extended periods under continuous circulation. These MBs exhibited high stability, and their cavitation activity was not affected by prior circulation in the system. Preliminary in vivo results demonstrated that intravenously injected MBs did not cause adverse effects and produced cavitation activity that increased the permeability of the pig blood–brain barrier. Although more tests should be performed to evaluate the MB long-term safety and activity in vivo, these encouraging results suggest that our PLGA MBs have potential for future therapeutic applications as cavitation enhancers.

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“…Calibration of the mass spectrometer in terms of the absolute isotope amount ratios was performed by gravimetric mixing of sulphur-isotope-enriched compounds. 60,61 In this way, the values of RMs (within some uncertainty) may be reproduced based on the method itself, regardless of potential drifts or even losses of artefactbased RMs covering the δ 34 S range.…”

Section: Vcdt Scale For δ 34 Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,58 Determinations of the δ 34 S values in IAEA-S-2 and IAEA-S-3 were performed by several laboratories, by using mass spectrometry on SO 2 and SF 6 analyte gas and by double-spike MC-TIMS (see Mann et al 59 and references cited therein). Pioneering determinations of absolute isotope amount ratios in these materials were based on conversion into SF 6 by fluorination 60,61 ; determinations are done on the SF 5 + fragment ion which does not require an isobaric correction (fluorine is monoisotopic). Calibration of the mass spectrometer in terms of the absolute isotope amount ratios was performed by gravimetric mixing of sulphur-isotope-enriched compounds.…”

Section: Vcdt Scale For δ 34 Smentioning

confidence: 99%

On the metrological traceability and hierarchy of stable isotope reference materials aimed at realisation of the VPDB scale: Revision of the VPDBδ¹³C scale based on multipoint scale‐anchoring RMs

Assonov

Fajgelj

Allison

et al. 2021

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale In recent years, the primary reference material (RM) for the VPDB scale, NBS19, has become unavailable, and the RM used for low‐end scale‐anchoring, LSVEC, was found unsuitable due a drift in the δ13C value. Given these problems, new RMs aimed at realising the VPDB δ13C scale with low uncertainty were produced. Establishing the consistency of the new RMs with the “old” RMs prompted our revision of the underlying principles of RM value assignments, and the VPDB δ13C scale realisation and its long‐term sustainability. Methods Analysis of major developments of the VPDB scale, a review of the contemporary requirements for RMs, and comparison with well‐established measurement scales have been performed, with the aim of revising the VPDB δ13C scale, principles of RM value assignments, and calibrator hierarchy. Requirements for scale‐anchoring RMs with low uncertainty and measures to establish the scale sustainability have been formulated. Results The revised scale realisation is based on multiple reference points, well‐defined calibration hierarchy and the use of well‐understood methods for value assignment. The realisation scheme includes the new primary RM IAEA‐603 and scale‐anchoring RMs IAEA‐610, IAEA‐611 and IAEA‐612, covering δ13C from +2.46 to −36.7 ‰ VPDB, with uncertainties, including inhomogeneity and stability assessment, of less than 0.015 ‰. The values of these four RMs were assigned in a mutually consistent way; agreement between measurements made using this realisation with those made using the VPDB scale of 2006 has been demonstrated on NIST CO2 RMs 8562–8564. Conclusions Multipoint‐anchoring of the VPDB δ13C scale provides several distinct “points” on the scale as means for cross‐measurements to check the stability and viability of RMs and detect drift of values, if any. This ensures that the δ13C scale is suitable for the most demanding applications, and provides options for developing further RMs with high accuracy inside a robust scale realisation scheme.

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Cavitation Mapping

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

Tailor-Made Single-Core PLGA Microbubbles as Acoustic Cavitation Enhancers for Therapeutic Applications

On the metrological traceability and hierarchy of stable isotope reference materials aimed at realisation of the VPDB scale: Revision of the VPDBδ¹³C scale based on multipoint scale‐anchoring RMs

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Cavitation Mapping

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

First report on the persist time of the free radical produced by shock wave pulses employed in clinical ESWL

Tailor-Made Single-Core PLGA Microbubbles as Acoustic Cavitation Enhancers for Therapeutic Applications

On the metrological traceability and hierarchy of stable isotope reference materials aimed at realisation of the VPDB scale: Revision of the VPDBδ13C scale based on multipoint scale‐anchoring RMs

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Product

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On the metrological traceability and hierarchy of stable isotope reference materials aimed at realisation of the VPDB scale: Revision of the VPDBδ¹³C scale based on multipoint scale‐anchoring RMs