Caveolin-3: A Causative Process of Chicken Muscular Dystrophy

Abstract

The etiology of chicken muscular dystrophy is the synthesis of aberrant WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (WWP1) protein made by a missense mutation of WWP1 gene. The β-dystroglycan that confers stability to sarcolemma was identified as a substrate of WWP protein, which induces the next molecular collapse. The aberrant WWP1 increases the ubiquitin ligase-mediated ubiquitination following severe degradation of sarcolemmal and cytoplasmic β-dystroglycan, and an erased β-dystroglycan in dystrophic αW fibers will lead to molecular imperfection of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). The DGC is a core protein of costamere that is an essential part of force transduction and protects the muscle fibers from contraction-induced damage. Caveolin-3 (Cav-3) and dystrophin bind competitively to the same site of β-dystroglycan, and excessive Cav-3 on sarcolemma will block the interaction of dystrophin with β-dystroglycan, which is another reason for the disruption of the DGC. It is known that fast-twitch glycolytic fibers are more sensitive and vulnerable to contraction-induced small tears than slow-twitch oxidative fibers under a variety of diseased conditions. Accordingly, the fast glycolytic αW fibers must be easy with rapid damage of sarcolemma corruption seen in chicken muscular dystrophy, but the slow oxidative fibers are able to escape from these damages.

Identification of prognostic hub genes and therapeutic targets for selenium deficiency in chicks model through transcriptome profiling

“…These conditions are often linked together and are caused by various types of lesions 8 . Pancreatic atrophy causes degenerative changes in the pancreas, exudative diathesis results in increased capillary fragility and haemorrhage, while muscular dystrophy leads to muscle wasting and oxidative stress 9 , 10 . Furthermore, dietary Se deficiency has also been found to be deleterious effects on egg production, and egg weight in laying hens and turkeys 11 .…”