Caveolin‐1 as a promoter of tumour spreading: when, how, where and why

Abstract

Caveolae are non-clathrin invaginations of the plasma membrane in most cell types; they are involved in signalling functions and molecule trafficking, thus modulating several biological functions, including cell growth, apoptosis and angiogenesis. The major structural protein in caveolae is caveolin-1, which is known to act as a key regulator in cancer onset and progression through its role as a tumour suppressor. Caveolin-1 can also promote cell proliferation, survival and metastasis as well as chemo- and radioresistance. Here, we discuss recent findings and novel concepts that support a role for caveolin-1 in cancer development and its distant spreading. We also address the potential application of caveolin-1 in tumour therapy and diagnosis.

STIM1/ORAI1-mediated Ca2+ Influx Regulates Enolase-1 Exteriorization

“…A growing body of evidence suggests that elevated expression of cav-1 in advanced stages of cancer promotes tumor cell proliferation and spreading (52,53). This phenomenon can be partially explained by cav-1-dependent stimulation of store operated Ca 2ϩ entry (SOCE) and thus activation of multiple signaling pathways (54), which in turn may initiate cav-1 expression (55), thereby creating a positive feedback loop.…”

Caveolae and cancer: A new mechanical perspective

“…It has been reported that the absence of stromal Cav1 is associated with poorer prognosis and is a predictor of metastasis in breast cancer. [104][105][106][107] Loss of stromal Cav1 predicts poor outcome in triple-negative breast cancers, [108] whereas high stromal Cav1 correlates with reduced tumor size, grade, metastasis and improved survival. [109,110] The loss of stromal Cav1 could promote tumor growth, via the upregulation of collagen VI and other extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in the tumor/stromal microenvironment.…”

Expression of Caveolin-1 in Human Cutaneous and Uveal Melanoma Cells

“…By immunoblot analysis, they found higher caveolin-1 expression in primary human melanoma cell lines (WM35, WM-115) compared with reduced expression in metastatic melanoma cell lines including WM-266-4 and A375. Also SENETTA et al (2013) compared the presence of caveolin-1 between A375 and WM-266-4 cell lines, but in this study A375 was described as a non-metastatic cell line. In contrast to our results they detected stronger immunoreaction of caveolin-1 in WM-266-4 in comparison to A375.…”