Cave deposits and sedimentary processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Western Mediterranean)

Fornós, Joan J.; Ginés, Joaquín; Gràcia, Francesc; Juncadella, Antoni Merino; Gómez-Pujol, Lluı́s; Bover, Pere Rosselló

doi:10.5038/1827-806x.43.2.5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is also confirmed by the fining upwards sequence observed in the upper part of the Sw facies interval (Figure 4B; Table 1). Slight reduction of the grain size from the base to the top indicating a decrease in the hydrodynamic energy conditions of the cave, is commonly observed within the Sw facies (Fornós et al, 2014). This is also confirmed by the palynofacies analysis, results of which indicate sedimentation in a calm palustrine environment (Figure 10).…”

Section: Sedimentary Facies and Depositional Environmentssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The transport of material, in this case, is very short, as is confirmed by the angularity of collapsed blocks and poor sorting of the debris (Table 1; Figure 11A). Collapsed sediments are common near the cave entrances (e.g., Bočić et al, 2012;Haddad-Martim et al, 2017), although they can often be seen as big accumulations of unsorted boulders and cobbles on the floor of big chambers within caves (Fornós et al, 2014). Deposition is, besides other processes, often triggered by the cryofracturing process within cave channels during the cold periods .…”

Section: Sedimentary Facies and Depositional Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Cave Sedimentation Mechanisms During the Late Quaternary: An Example From the Lower Cerovačka Cave, Croatia

et al. 2021

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During archeological excavations in the Lower Cerovačka Cave (Mt. Velebit, Croatia), the test trench penetrated to a depth of 1.8 m. An undisturbed sequence of sediments was exposed. Considering that caves represent highly efficient sediment traps it was possible to recognize changes in the depositional mechanisms during the Pleistocene–Holocene period. Using the multiproxy approach, the mineralogical, petrographic, and biostratigraphic characterization of the cave sediments was performed. Facies analysis revealed several stages in the development of the clastic filling of cave channels. Allochthonous origin of the sediment was assumed. Sedimentation took place under various conditions from pronounced cold and dry climate during Pleistocene stages in the base of the profile, to humid periods with anthropogenic influence during the Holocene at the very top of the profile. Although traditionally these sediments were believed to be of a Pleistocene age, here for the first time a stratigraphic calibration of the profile has been performed based on luminescence dating of detrital cave sediments and radiometric dating of speleothems.

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Section: Sedimentary Facies and Depositional Environmentssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Sedimentary Facies and Depositional Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cave Sedimentation Mechanisms During the Late Quaternary: An Example From the Lower Cerovačka Cave, Croatia

et al. 2021

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“…In caves, a redox gradient can naturally develop across the aquifer-cave boundary as anoxic aquifer waters rich in Mn(II) and Fe(II) ions drain into oxygenated cave systems and form insoluble Fe(III) and Mn(III,IV) precipitates (de Vitre and Davison, 1993;Martin, 2005;Frierdich and Catalano, 2012;Brown et al, 2014). As such, it has been suggested that thick successions of ferromanganese deposits in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera, Mallorca, were produced inorganically from the oxidization of upwelling (hypogene) groundwater (Fornós et al, 2014).…”

Section: Emplacement Of Ferromanganese Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital cave sediments record Late Quaternary hydrologic and climatic variability in northwestern Florida, USA

Winkler

Hengstum

Horgan

et al. 2016

Sedimentary Geology

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Detrital sediment in Florida's (USA) submerged cave systems may preserve records of regional climate and hydrologic variability. However, the basic sedimentology, mineralogy, stratigraphic variability and emplacement history of the successions in Florida's submerged caves remains poorly understood. Here we present stratigraphic, mineralogical, and elemental data on sediment cores from two phreatic cave systems in northwestern, Florida (USA), on the Dougherty Karst Plain: Hole in the Wall Cave (HITW) and Twin Cave. Water flowing through these cave represents subsurface flow in the Apalachicola River drainage basin, and the caves are located just downstream from Jackson Blue (1 st magnitude spring, >2.8 m 3 s −1 discharge). Sedimentation in these caves is dominated by three primary sedimentary styles: (i) ferromanganese deposits dominate the basal recovered stratigraphy, which pass into (ii) poorlysorted carbonate sediment, and finally into (iii) fine-grained organic matter (gyttja) deposits upsection. Resolving the emplacement history of the lower stratigraphic units was hampered by a lack of suitable material for radiocarbon dating, but the upper organic-rich deposits have a punctuated depositional history beginning in the earliest Holocene. For example, gyttja primarily accumulated in HITW and Twin Caves from ~5500 to 3500 cal yrs BP, which coincides with regional evidence for water-table rise of the Upper Floridian Aquifer associated with relative sea-level rise in the Gulf of Mexico, and evidence for invigorated drainage through the Apalachicola River drainage basin. Gyttja sediments were also deposited in one of the caves during the Bølling / Allerød climate oscillation. Biologically, these results indicate that some Floridian aquatic cave (stygobitic) ecosystems have been significantly devoid of recent organic matter supply in comparison to prehistoric intervals. The pre-Holocene poorly-sorted carbonate

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“…So far, the few field works carried out on the sedimentary deposits inside the coastal carbonate karst systems in Mallorca indicate that most of this material is related to granular disaggregation and bedrock collapse and fall events that must have happened due to destabilizations and readjustments associated to the cave formation and to the seawater level fluctuations [16,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. On the other hand, a small part of these sediments may come from the surface runoff associated with rainfall events, from aeolian processes, or from authigenic processes [23][24][25][26]29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical and Sedimentological Characterization of the Clay-Rich Sediments from Ases Cave (Cova Dets Ases, Mallorca, Spain): Origin and Classification

et al. 2022

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The Mallorca coastal caves present large amounts of speleothems that have been studied for decades. However, the sedimentary deposits also present in these cases have not been given the same attention. This work is the first study entirely focused on these deposits, specifically the ones found in the Ases cave. These deposits are formed by clay minerals (illitic phases, kaolinite, smectite, and chlorite), calcite and quartz, and minor proportions of dolomite, albite, orthoclase, hematite, and goethite. The grain size and the electron microscopy studies suggested the presence of different sedimentation processes (bedrock degradation, creep or saltation, and suspension) and different origins (authigenic and detrital origins) for the different sediments. Based on these differences, two types of deposits were characterized: autochthonous and allochthonous deposits. The first ones are located on the floor of chambers and corridors in subaqueous zones, indicating the stability of the mixing zone (and therefore the sea level) over time. The second ones appear filling voids on the walls and the ceiling in the terrestrial zone, evidencing the filling of the cavity in the presence of water (during a wet period). These results are very important to complete the understanding of the caves and their evolution and support the relevance of these materials in paleoenvironmental studies.

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Cave deposits and sedimentary processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Western Mediterranean)

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Changes in Cave Sedimentation Mechanisms During the Late Quaternary: An Example From the Lower Cerovačka Cave, Croatia

Changes in Cave Sedimentation Mechanisms During the Late Quaternary: An Example From the Lower Cerovačka Cave, Croatia

Detrital cave sediments record Late Quaternary hydrologic and climatic variability in northwestern Florida, USA

Mineralogical and Sedimentological Characterization of the Clay-Rich Sediments from Ases Cave (Cova Dets Ases, Mallorca, Spain): Origin and Classification

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